﻿Properties 
  of 
  Newly 
  Prepared 
  Gases. 
  127 
  

  

  in 
  the 
  bulbs 
  thns 
  arises 
  from 
  two 
  causes 
  ; 
  and 
  when 
  the 
  

   weight 
  of 
  the 
  moisture 
  necessary 
  to 
  saturate 
  the 
  volume 
  

   of 
  the 
  gas 
  which 
  passes 
  through 
  F 
  is 
  subtracted 
  from 
  the 
  

   total, 
  the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  cloud 
  is 
  obtained. 
  The 
  gas 
  on 
  

   leaving 
  F 
  entered 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  insulated 
  inductors 
  — 
  the 
  smaller 
  

   one 
  G 
  being 
  used 
  for 
  oxygen, 
  and 
  the 
  larger 
  one 
  I 
  for 
  

   hydrogen. 
  The 
  inductor 
  and 
  the 
  bulbs 
  were 
  both 
  covered 
  

   with 
  tinfoil 
  and 
  connected 
  to 
  mercury 
  cups 
  in 
  the 
  paraffin 
  

   block 
  R, 
  so 
  that 
  either 
  of 
  them 
  could 
  be 
  readily 
  connected 
  

   to 
  the 
  insulated 
  quadrants 
  of 
  the 
  electrometer. 
  

  

  The 
  experiments 
  were 
  conducted 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  manner 
  : 
  — 
  

   The 
  sulphuric-acid 
  bulbs 
  were 
  carefully 
  weighed, 
  and 
  then 
  

   connected 
  by 
  indiarubber 
  tubing 
  to 
  the 
  glass 
  tubes, 
  which 
  

   were 
  imbedded 
  in 
  the 
  paraffin 
  blocks, 
  as 
  shown 
  in 
  the 
  figure. 
  

   The 
  current 
  through 
  the 
  cell 
  was 
  switched 
  on 
  for 
  a 
  few 
  

   minutes 
  before 
  joining 
  the 
  bulbs 
  into 
  the 
  series, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  drive 
  

   the 
  air 
  out 
  of 
  A 
  and 
  B. 
  As 
  soon 
  as 
  the 
  gas 
  began 
  to 
  bubble 
  

   through 
  the 
  acid 
  in 
  F, 
  a 
  stop-watch 
  was 
  started. 
  By 
  con- 
  

   necting 
  the 
  conductors 
  F 
  and 
  G 
  alternately 
  to 
  the 
  quadrants 
  

   of 
  the 
  electrometer, 
  the 
  rate 
  at 
  which 
  each 
  was 
  acquiring 
  a 
  

   charge 
  was 
  found. 
  The 
  sum 
  of 
  the 
  charges 
  acquired 
  by 
  

   F 
  and 
  G 
  denotes 
  the 
  total 
  charge 
  passing 
  out 
  of 
  B, 
  and 
  that 
  

   acquired 
  by 
  F 
  divided 
  by 
  the 
  total 
  is 
  the 
  discharging-power 
  

   of 
  the 
  bulbs. 
  After 
  the 
  stream 
  of 
  gas 
  from 
  the 
  ceil 
  had 
  been 
  

   running 
  through 
  the 
  apparatus 
  for 
  a 
  sufficient 
  time, 
  the 
  bulbs 
  

   were 
  removed 
  and 
  dry 
  air 
  was 
  drawn 
  through 
  them 
  before 
  

   weighing 
  them 
  a 
  second 
  time. 
  In 
  each 
  experiment 
  a 
  current 
  

   of 
  14 
  amperes 
  was 
  used, 
  which 
  w 
  T 
  as 
  kept 
  constant 
  by 
  having 
  

   an 
  ammeter 
  and 
  an 
  adjustable 
  resistance 
  in 
  the 
  circuit. 
  

  

  In 
  order 
  to 
  reduce 
  the 
  readings 
  on 
  the 
  electrometer-scale 
  to 
  

   absolute 
  units, 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  that 
  when 
  F 
  was 
  connected 
  to 
  the 
  

   quadrants, 
  and 
  the 
  other 
  conductors 
  to 
  earth, 
  each 
  scale- 
  

   division 
  represented 
  '0040 
  electrostatic 
  unit 
  of 
  quantity, 
  and 
  

   when 
  G 
  was 
  connected 
  to 
  the 
  quadrants 
  the 
  scale-divisions 
  

   each 
  represented 
  '0036 
  electrostatic 
  unit. 
  The 
  inductor 
  I, 
  

   which 
  was 
  used 
  with 
  hydrogen, 
  had 
  a 
  larger 
  capacity 
  than 
  

   either 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  two 
  inductors, 
  and 
  when 
  it 
  was 
  connected 
  

   to 
  the 
  quadrants 
  it 
  required 
  '0042 
  electrostatic 
  unit 
  to 
  make 
  

   the 
  spot 
  of 
  light 
  on 
  the 
  electrometer-scale 
  move 
  through 
  a 
  

   division. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  tables 
  (p. 
  128,) 
  give 
  the 
  results 
  of 
  the 
  experi- 
  

   ments 
  which 
  were 
  made 
  with 
  the 
  different 
  gases. 
  6 
  is 
  the 
  

   temperature, 
  in 
  degrees 
  centigrade, 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  in 
  B 
  ; 
  

   W 
  the 
  increase 
  in 
  the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  sulphuric-acid 
  bulbs 
  ; 
  

   and 
  rij 
  and 
  n 
  2 
  the 
  numbers 
  of 
  divisions 
  that 
  the 
  spot 
  of 
  light 
  

   on 
  the 
  electrometer-scale 
  moves 
  per 
  minute 
  when 
  F 
  and 
  G 
  

  

  L 
  2 
  

  

  