﻿130 
  

  

  Mr. 
  John 
  S. 
  Townsend 
  on 
  Electrical 
  

  

  alkaline 
  spray 
  can 
  have 
  only 
  a 
  very 
  small 
  effect, 
  as 
  no 
  cloud 
  

   is 
  observed 
  in 
  the 
  oxygen 
  coming 
  from 
  the 
  cell 
  at 
  a 
  tem- 
  

   perature 
  10° 
  C, 
  although 
  the 
  presence 
  in 
  the 
  spray 
  of 
  caustic 
  

   potash 
  can 
  be 
  easily 
  detected. 
  

  

  5. 
  The 
  following 
  simple 
  experiments 
  show 
  how 
  intimately 
  

   connected 
  the 
  charge 
  on 
  the 
  gas 
  is 
  with 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  the 
  

   cloud 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  The 
  apparatus 
  used 
  is 
  shown 
  in 
  fig. 
  2. 
  The 
  oxygen 
  given 
  off, 
  

   by 
  a 
  current 
  of 
  10 
  amperes, 
  from 
  a 
  caustic-potash 
  cell 
  of 
  

  

  Fk. 
  2. 
  

  

  specific 
  gravity 
  1*3 
  wns 
  bubbled 
  through 
  a 
  solution 
  of 
  

   potassium 
  iodide 
  in 
  the 
  flask 
  A, 
  to 
  remove 
  any 
  traces 
  of 
  ozone. 
  

   Before 
  entering 
  the 
  inductor 
  I, 
  the 
  gas 
  bubbled 
  through 
  water 
  

   in 
  B. 
  The 
  inductor 
  I 
  was 
  insulated 
  and 
  connected 
  to 
  the 
  

   quadrants 
  of 
  the 
  electrometer 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  charge 
  on 
  the 
  gas 
  

   that 
  entered 
  it 
  could 
  be 
  read 
  off 
  on 
  the 
  electrometer- 
  scale. 
  

   The 
  gas 
  was 
  not 
  passed 
  through 
  any 
  glass 
  wool 
  before 
  entering 
  

   I, 
  so 
  that 
  as 
  much 
  spray 
  as 
  possible 
  should 
  be 
  carried 
  from 
  

   the 
  cell. 
  

  

  The 
  cell 
  was 
  at 
  a 
  low 
  temperature 
  (11°) 
  to 
  start 
  with, 
  and 
  a 
  

   current 
  of 
  10 
  amperes 
  was 
  switched 
  on, 
  which 
  gradually 
  

   warmed 
  the 
  electrolyte. 
  During 
  the 
  first 
  nine 
  minutes 
  that 
  

   the 
  current 
  was 
  on 
  and 
  the 
  gas 
  entering 
  the 
  inductor, 
  no 
  elec- 
  

   trification 
  whatsoever 
  was 
  detected, 
  and 
  no 
  cloud 
  could 
  be 
  

   observed 
  over 
  the 
  water 
  in 
  B. 
  During 
  these 
  nine 
  minutes 
  the 
  

   temperature 
  of 
  the 
  cell 
  rose 
  from 
  11° 
  to 
  18°. 
  

  

  During 
  the 
  next 
  five 
  minutes 
  a 
  deflexion, 
  nine 
  divisions 
  

   negative, 
  was 
  obtained, 
  and 
  the 
  temperature 
  of 
  the 
  cell 
  had 
  

   risen 
  to 
  21 
  c, 
  5. 
  

  

  