﻿150 
  On 
  Electrical 
  Properties 
  of 
  Newly 
  Prepared 
  Gases. 
  

  

  explanation 
  would 
  apply 
  to 
  the 
  change 
  which 
  occurs 
  from 
  

   negative 
  to 
  positive 
  in 
  the 
  charge 
  carried 
  by 
  the 
  chlorine 
  

   when 
  platinum 
  is 
  used 
  instead 
  of 
  carbon 
  for 
  an 
  electrode, 
  

   since 
  a 
  chloride 
  of 
  platinum 
  is 
  formed. 
  

  

  32. 
  The 
  charged 
  hydrogen 
  given 
  off 
  from 
  a 
  platinum 
  elec- 
  

   trode, 
  in 
  the 
  electrolysis 
  of 
  hydrochloric 
  acid, 
  has 
  the 
  same 
  

   property 
  of 
  forming 
  a 
  cloud 
  when 
  bubbled 
  through 
  water 
  as 
  

   the 
  highly 
  charged 
  gases 
  obtained 
  by 
  other 
  methods. 
  The 
  

   chlorine, 
  however, 
  has 
  only 
  a 
  small 
  charge, 
  and, 
  moreover, 
  

   contains 
  a 
  quantity 
  of 
  hydrochloric-acid 
  vapour 
  which 
  would 
  

   be 
  difficult 
  to 
  remove 
  without 
  making 
  the 
  charge 
  too 
  small 
  

   to 
  form 
  a 
  visible 
  cloud. 
  The 
  hydrogen 
  was 
  treated 
  in 
  the 
  

   following 
  manner, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  get 
  rid 
  of 
  the 
  acid 
  vapour 
  

   which 
  would 
  form 
  a 
  cloud 
  when 
  bubbled 
  through 
  water 
  : 
  — 
  The 
  

   delivery-tube 
  from 
  the 
  cell 
  was 
  connected 
  to 
  the 
  tube 
  T, 
  

   which 
  dipped 
  into 
  a 
  strong 
  solution 
  of 
  caustic 
  potash 
  con- 
  

   tained 
  in 
  the 
  flask 
  H 
  1? 
  and 
  the 
  gas 
  then 
  passed 
  along 
  a 
  tube 
  

   containing 
  glass 
  wool 
  soaked 
  in 
  caustic 
  potash 
  before 
  it 
  

   bubbled 
  through 
  the 
  water 
  in 
  the 
  flask 
  H 
  2 
  . 
  The 
  hydrogen 
  

   which 
  was 
  evolved 
  from 
  the 
  platinum 
  electrode, 
  after 
  passing 
  

   through 
  this 
  apparatus, 
  was 
  led 
  into 
  an 
  insulated 
  inductor 
  

   connected 
  to 
  the 
  electrometer, 
  and, 
  with 
  ten 
  amperes 
  through 
  

   the 
  electrolyte, 
  the 
  spot 
  of 
  light 
  on 
  the 
  electrometer-scale 
  

   was 
  deflected 
  thirty-seven 
  divisions 
  per 
  minute, 
  and 
  with 
  

   fourteen 
  amperes, 
  sixty-two 
  divisions 
  per 
  minute, 
  the 
  tem- 
  

   perature 
  of 
  the 
  cell 
  being 
  36°. 
  In 
  both 
  cases 
  a 
  dense 
  cloud 
  

   was 
  observed 
  above 
  the 
  water 
  in 
  H 
  2 
  . 
  

  

  In 
  order 
  to 
  test 
  the 
  efficiency 
  of 
  the 
  apparatus 
  for 
  removing 
  

   the 
  acid 
  vapour, 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  to 
  show 
  that 
  newly 
  

   prepared 
  hydrogen 
  does 
  not 
  form 
  a 
  visible 
  cloud 
  unless 
  it 
  has 
  

   a 
  considerable 
  charge, 
  the 
  gas 
  evolved 
  from 
  the 
  carbon 
  

   electrode 
  was 
  led 
  into 
  H 
  2 
  . 
  It 
  was 
  found 
  that 
  the 
  electrometer 
  

   was 
  giving 
  only 
  three 
  divisions 
  per 
  minute, 
  and 
  no 
  cloud 
  

   could 
  be 
  seen 
  over 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  in 
  H 
  2 
  , 
  although 
  

   the 
  temperature 
  of 
  the 
  cell 
  and 
  current 
  through 
  it 
  were 
  the 
  

   same 
  as 
  when 
  thirty- 
  seven 
  divisions 
  per 
  minute 
  were 
  obtained 
  

   by 
  using 
  a 
  platinum 
  electrode. 
  

  

  No 
  weighing 
  experiments 
  were 
  done 
  with 
  this 
  cloud, 
  but 
  

   from 
  its 
  appearance 
  it 
  could 
  be 
  easily 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  less 
  dense 
  

   than 
  that 
  which 
  was 
  obtained 
  by 
  bubbling 
  hydrogen 
  prepared 
  

   from 
  a 
  sulphuric-acid 
  electrolyte 
  through 
  water, 
  although 
  the 
  

   electrification 
  was 
  in 
  each 
  case 
  the 
  same. 
  

  

  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  above 
  experiments, 
  the 
  effect 
  of 
  

   Rontgen 
  rays 
  in 
  discharging 
  the 
  gas 
  has 
  been 
  examined. 
  It 
  

   is 
  hoped 
  that 
  the 
  results 
  of 
  this 
  investigation, 
  and 
  the 
  experi- 
  

  

  