﻿154 
  Messrs. 
  MacGrreoor 
  and 
  Archibald 
  on 
  the 
  

  

  o 
  

  

  ions 
  (that 
  the 
  solution 
  may 
  be 
  dilute) 
  and 
  read 
  off 
  from 
  the 
  

   experimental 
  curves 
  referred 
  to 
  above, 
  the 
  values 
  of 
  the 
  

   dilutions, 
  Y 
  1? 
  V 
  2 
  , 
  &c, 
  of 
  simple 
  solutions 
  of 
  1, 
  2, 
  &c, 
  which 
  

   will 
  have 
  this 
  concentration 
  of 
  ions. 
  If 
  these 
  solutions 
  be 
  

   prepared 
  and 
  mixed 
  in 
  proper 
  proportions 
  as 
  to 
  volume, 
  no 
  

   change 
  in 
  ionization 
  or 
  composition 
  will 
  occur. 
  To 
  find 
  the 
  

   proper 
  proportions, 
  select 
  arbitrarily 
  any 
  value 
  of 
  v 
  4 
  , 
  the 
  

   volume 
  of 
  the 
  solution 
  of 
  4 
  which 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  mixed 
  with 
  the 
  

   others. 
  It 
  will 
  contain 
  N 
  4 
  = 
  v 
  4 
  /V 
  4 
  gramme- 
  equivalents 
  of 
  4. 
  

   From 
  equations 
  (e) 
  we 
  must 
  have 
  N 
  3 
  = 
  N 
  4 
  . 
  Hence 
  the 
  

   volume 
  of 
  the 
  solution 
  of 
  3 
  to 
  be 
  mixed 
  with 
  the 
  others 
  will 
  

   be 
  «3 
  = 
  V 
  3 
  i> 
  4 
  /V 
  4 
  . 
  Next 
  select 
  arbitrarily 
  any 
  value 
  of 
  v 
  2 
  . 
  

   Then 
  since 
  by 
  (b) 
  we 
  must 
  have 
  v 
  1 
  v 
  2 
  = 
  v^v^ 
  

  

  "i 
  = 
  v 
  3 
  i\/v 
  2 
  = 
  V 
  3 
  iv7V 
  4 
  v 
  2 
  . 
  

  

  These 
  volumes 
  being 
  mixed, 
  we 
  have 
  a 
  complex 
  solution 
  in 
  

   which 
  the 
  us 
  and 
  N's 
  are 
  known, 
  the 
  conductivity 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  

   therefore 
  calculable 
  by 
  the 
  dissociation 
  theory. 
  

  

  A 
  series 
  of 
  observations 
  and 
  calculations 
  of 
  the 
  conductivity 
  

   of 
  solutions 
  containing 
  sodium 
  and 
  potassium 
  chlorides 
  and 
  

   sulphates 
  has 
  been 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  second 
  of 
  us 
  with 
  the 
  object 
  

   of 
  testing 
  the 
  calculability 
  of 
  the 
  conductivity 
  in 
  such 
  cases. 
  

   As 
  a 
  full 
  account* 
  of 
  these 
  experiments 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  published 
  

   elsewhere 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  unnecessary 
  here 
  to 
  enter 
  into 
  detail. 
  

   They 
  were 
  made 
  by 
  Kohlrausch's 
  method, 
  with 
  fairly 
  good 
  

   though 
  not 
  the 
  best 
  appliances, 
  and 
  full 
  use 
  was 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  

   experience 
  of 
  other 
  observers 
  as 
  to 
  precautions 
  against 
  error. 
  

   Taking 
  account 
  of 
  all 
  sources 
  of 
  error, 
  the 
  measurements 
  of 
  

   conductivity 
  may 
  probably 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  accurate 
  to 
  about 
  

   0"25 
  per 
  cent. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  tables 
  give 
  the 
  observations 
  made 
  on 
  simple 
  

   solutions 
  of 
  the 
  salts 
  mentioned 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  obtaining 
  

   data 
  for 
  drawing 
  the 
  curves 
  referred 
  to 
  above. 
  Dilutions 
  are 
  

   expressed 
  in 
  litres 
  per 
  gramme-equivalent. 
  The 
  conductivities 
  

   are 
  specific 
  molecular 
  conductivities 
  (i. 
  e. 
  per 
  gramme-equiva- 
  

   lent), 
  and 
  are 
  expressed 
  in 
  terms 
  of 
  10 
  -8 
  times 
  the 
  conductivity 
  

   of 
  mercury 
  at 
  0° 
  C. 
  All 
  solutions 
  were 
  prepared 
  and 
  all 
  

   observations 
  made 
  at 
  18° 
  C. 
  The 
  values 
  of 
  the 
  ionization- 
  

   coefficient 
  used 
  in 
  calculating 
  the 
  concentration 
  of 
  ions 
  are 
  

   quotients 
  of 
  the 
  specific 
  molecular 
  conductivity 
  observed 
  by 
  

   Kohlrausch's 
  values 
  f 
  of 
  the 
  specific 
  molecular 
  conductivity 
  

   at 
  infinite 
  dilution. 
  

  

  * 
  Mr. 
  Archibald's 
  paper 
  has 
  been 
  communicated 
  to 
  the 
  Royal 
  Society 
  

   of 
  Canada, 
  and 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  published 
  in 
  vol. 
  iii. 
  of 
  the 
  Second 
  Series 
  of 
  its 
  

   Transactions. 
  

  

  f 
  Wied. 
  Ann. 
  xxvi. 
  (1885) 
  p. 
  198. 
  

  

  