Laws of Molecular Force. 43 



method in the last table would be multiplied by these factors, 

 and also the values of the ratio. Treating the molecular 

 complexity where unknown as 1, then the values of the ratio 

 become : — 



Na. 

 13 



K. 



30 



Cu. Ag. Ag. Au. Au. Zn. 

 •8 -7 12 1-4 1-9 1-2 



Zn. Cd. Hg. 

 11 12 25 



Sn. 



27 



Pb. 

 1-9 



Pb. 



1-4 



Sb. Bi. Fe. Pd. Pt. S. 

 •9 19 -8 1-4 14 10 



Se. P. 

 •9 ? 1-0 



Br. 

 •9 



The numbers for K, Hg, and Sn are about double the 

 average for the other elements ; the experimental value of a m 

 is said by Quincke to be uncertain in the case of K, and also 

 for Cu and Fe, while the pairs of values given for Ag, Au, 

 and Pb show that in some cases a large experimental error is 

 possible in these difficult measurements. Thus the effect 

 which we have assumed as due to molecular complexity brings 

 the discrepancies within the range of experimental error in 

 all the satisfactory cases except that of Hg. But even if the 

 explanation just suggested for the inequalities amongst the 

 values of the ratio in the last table proves not to be correct, it 

 has at least been demonstrated that these inequalities do not 

 indicate any real discrepancy amongst our equations, because 

 the effect of different molecular complexity has to be allowed 

 for. Thus while the results of the capillary method of finding 

 M 2 £ do not, in the case of the elements, confirm the values 

 given by the Kinetic Theory of Solids, they do not invalidate 

 them, and the complete explanation of the relation of the two 

 sets of values may not be obtainable till we know the charac- 

 teristic equations of the metals. 



The transition cases from metal element to non-metal 

 element will not be gone into at present, but it will be 

 advantageous to gather here the values of M/3 and (M 2 /) 3 

 and their ratio for the non-metal elements. We have seen 

 reasons for believing the values in Table XXIX. to be 

 relatively correct on the whole, although it must be expected 

 in such an instance as that of CI that the method there used 

 for finding M.H must give a rather rough value : in the 

 following table the values given are reproduced from 

 Tables VIII. and XXIX. 



Table XXXIII. 



From Table VIII. 



H a . o a . 



M/3 8-6 193 



(M 2 J)* 0-47 1-08 



Eatio 18 18 



N 2 . 



Cl 3 . 



22-7 



34 



111 



2-4 



20 



14 



