4 Mr. William Sutherland on the 



for the paraffin series from C 2 H 6 to C 14 H 30 . 

 other series are as follows : — 



The data for 



Table III. 



Benzene series ... C G H 6 . C 7 H 8 . O 8 H 10 . C 9 H 12 . C 10 H U . 



66 7-5 84 93 10-1 



Alkyl iodides CH 3 I. C 2 H S L 3 H 7 I. C 4 H 9 L C 5 H U I. 



51 62 71 79 8-9 



Alkyl bromides C 2 H 5 Br. C 3 H 7 Br. C 4 H 9 Br. C s H„Br. 



54 6-4 73 81 



Alkyl chlorides ... OH 3 01. C 2 H,C1. C 3 H 7 C1. 



(Fourth method) 41 51 5'7 



C 3 H 7 01. 4 H 9 C1. C 5 H U 01. 



(Fifth method) 60 7*2 81 



Alkyl oxides (0H 3 ) 2 O. 0H 3 O0 2 H 5 . (C 2 H.) 2 0. C 2 H g OC 3 H 7 . CH 3 00 5 H n . 



45 5-5 6-3 72 8*2 



Alkyl amines NH 5 C. NH 7 C 2 . NH 9 C 3 . NH n C 4 - NH 15 C 6 . 



(Fourth method) 4*2 4*7 5"7 61 81 



NH U C 4 . NH 13 C 5 . NH 15 C 6 . 

 (Fifth method) ... 61 71 8"0 



These data for these families and for a few other short 



series, derivable like the above from table xxv. of the 

 u Laws of Molecular Force," can be represented according to 



the following scheme, wherein the meaning of the column 

 headed M/3 will be explained in a little. 



Table IV. 



Substance. 



Composition. 



{M.nf. 



M/3. 



Paraffin 



H+- H+»CH 2 

 014- H+wCH 2 

 Br+ H-frcCH., 



i+ h+^ch; 



O+2H4-»0H 2 



N+3H+wCH 2 



COO+2H+(w-l)CH. ) 



C 6 H 6 +rcCH 2 



cn+ h+^ch; 



S + 2H+rcCH 2 

 N0 2 4-H+rcCH., 

 NO 3 4-H + w0H 2 



CNS+H4-wCH 2 



2-24- -9» 

 33+-9w 

 3-6+-9w 

 4-3+-9w 

 2-7 + -9w 

 3l4--9w 

 4-0 + -9(»-l) 

 6-6 + -9» 

 3 ; 5+-9» 

 3-8 + -9w 

 3-9+'9» 

 43+-9w 

 4-9+ -9» 



9 +15"7» 

 23-5+ 16* 

 29 +17w 

 36 +161w 

 14 +17-3rc 

 20 +17-3% 

 29 +17-5^-1) 

 75-54- 16-8» 

 24 +17» 

 26 + 17rc 

 29 4-17» 

 36 + 17rc 

 41'5+17» 



Chloride 



Bromide 



Iodide 



Oxide 



Amine 



Ester 



Cyanide (nitrile) ... 

 Sulphide 



Nitro -compound ... 

 Nitrate 



Sulpho cyan ate 



This scheme embodies the principle of the Dynic Equiva- 

 lents, for an atom such as I is represented as producing the 



