312 Geological Society :— 
connected with the open sea to the south, and the fauna was derived 
from the direction of Germany. A short account is given of some 
of the Continental Rhetic formations, followed by a list of Rheetic 
fossils recorded in England, with the range of each. A consideration 
of this list enables the author to suggest that the lower limit of the 
formation should be drawn at the first evidence of Rhetic life after 
the deposition of the gypsiferous and red or green marls, which (at 
any rate in their lower part) are certainly of Keuper age. The upper 
limit may, for convenience, be drawn at an indefinite level where 
Modiola minima and Pleuromya crowcomberana become very rare, and 
the ammonitic and Liassic fauna begins. Further discussion of the 
lithological, physical, and paleontological evidence leads the author 
to recognize that the affinities of the Rheetic, thus defined, are rather 
with the Jurassic rocks than with the Trias. The following zones 
are suggested, in descending order :— 
Zone of Pleuromya crowcombetana = White Lias. 
», Monotis decussata = Cotham Marble and just above. 
»  Lstheria minuta var. Brodieana, and Naiadita. 
»  Pecten valoniensis. 
»  Avicula contorta = Black Shales and a limestone-bed. 
»  Bone-Bed. 
These zones seem to be fairly constant throughout England, and 
harmonize well with those of Germany, although they cannot be 
expected to fit in with the oceanic type of the Alps and the Medi- 
terranean. Further consideration shows that the fossils give 
evidence of migration, but very little of evolution. The paper 
closes with the description of a new species of Anomia and a 
bibliography. 
January 6th, 1904.—Sir Archibald Geikie, D.C.L., D.Sc., Sec. B.S., 
Vice-President, in the Chair. 
The following communications were read :— 
1. ‘On a Paleolithic Floor at Prah Sands, in Cornwall. By 
Clement Reid, Esq., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.8., and Eleanor M. Reid, 
B.Se. 
Prah Sands lie about 7 miles east of Penzance, and have long 
been known as exhibiting a good section of ‘ head’ or rubble-drift, 
over raised beach, which rests on a wave-worn rocky platform. 
Recent storms have cleared away the talus at the foot of the cliff, 
and have exposed, between the ‘head’ and the raised beach, a Paleo- 
lithic land-surface, consisting of loamy soil penetrated by small 
roots. In and above this occur black seams full of small fragments 
of charcoal and bone: these are particularly abundant round groups 
of large flat stones, which seem to have formed ancient hearths. 
The black seams contain implements made of vein-quartz, For a 
few feet above this land-surface the angular ‘head’ consists mainly of 
loam with fragments of vein-quartz, some of which are worked. 
This seems to be the first record of Paleolithic man in Cornwall. 
2. ‘ Implementiferous Sections at Wolvercote (Oxfordshire).’ By 
Alexander Montgomerie Bell, Esq., M.A., F.G.S. 
