1870.] Instruction in Science for Women. 47 



written by the class, and certificates of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd class 

 are given at the end of the course. The class numbers 165 students. 

 In Leeds and Bradford, Mr. T. Aldis, of Cambridge, is delivering 

 courses of lectures to women on the History of Physical Science. 

 These gentlemen are lecturing under the auspices of the North of 

 England Council, of which we believe Mrs. Josephine E.- Butler, 

 of Liverpool, is the President. Scientific lectures are also being 

 delivered in Dublin and Edinburgh; in the former city at the 

 Alexandra College for the Education of Ladies, by Dr. Macalister ; 

 and in Edinburgh by Professor Fraser on Natural Philosophy ; and 

 by Professor Tait on Mathematics. In addition to these it may 

 also be mentioned that at Sir Patrick Dun's Hospital in Dublin 

 instruction is given to soldiers' wives to prepare them for the voca- 

 tion of army nurses. They are taught the laws of health, and the 

 conditions of climate in relation thereto, of the principal stations of 

 the British army ; as well as the theory and practice of midwifery ; 

 and on passing a satisfactory examination they receive certificates 

 of merit and pecuniary prizes. It is, of course, hardly necessary to 

 state that at every Science School or Class in the United Kingdom 

 connected with the Science and Art Department, women are not 

 only admitted on an equality with men, but are treated with courtesy 

 and consideration ; but whatever may be said concerning the edu- 

 cational association of the sexes, we have found from personal obser- 

 vation, that, for the present at least and chiefly so far as women are 

 concerned, they prefer being taught apart. 



Having given this imperfect outline of what is being done in 

 the way of general instruction in science to women, let us now 

 inquire for a moment how and what it would be desirable to teach 

 them with a view to their advancement in particular trades or 

 professions. In this matter we may obtain some useful hints from 

 what is doing abroad and at home for the education of artisans. 

 For example, in some of the German towns special books and 

 classes exist for instructing workmen in the theory of their trade, 

 and in Liverpool lectures are about to be commenced with the same 

 object. One course, which may serve as a type of this class of 

 instruction, is about to be given by Mr. Norman Tate, on Chemistry 

 applied to the practical arts. The first lecture is general, being on 

 the relations of chemistry to industrial pursuits ; then there are to 

 follow two which will interest engineers, as they relate to Air, Water, 

 Heat, Fuel in its application to the production of Heat, and the prac- 

 tical working of fuel for steam in furnaces, &c. Two follow on the 

 Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals. After these there are 

 lectures on building materials, stones, slates, bricks, mortar, cements, 

 &c, for builders ; earthenware and glass, for glaziers ; pens, ink, 

 and paper, for printers, &c. ; paints, varnishes, and colours, for 

 painters and decorators ; horns, bones, leather, feathers, &c, and 



