Chemical Affinity. 



Table II. 



Influence of Base. 



Hydrochloric and Sulphuric Acids. 



195 



Base. 



v v 



v. r 



v x -v 2 . 



v—v'. 



Potash 



+ 13-08 

 +13-00 

 + 11-45 

 + 10-47 

 4- 9-08 

 + 8-06 



-2-09 

 -2-52 

 -2-78 

 -3-05 

 -3-32 

 -3-49 



+15-17 



+ 15-52 

 +14-28 

 +13-52 

 + 12-40 

 + 11-55 



+ 15-56 

 +15-50 

 +14-16 

 + 13-60 



+12-87 

 + 11-30 



Soda 





Magnesia 



Zinc oxide 



Copper oxide ... 



Table III. 



Volume-changes accompanying the action of Sulphuric Acid 

 upon Sulphates: RS0 4 + nH 2 S0 4 . 



n = 



i 



1. 



2. 



4. 



8. 



Potash 



Soda 



+4-55 

 +4-17 



+2-77 

 +2-66 

 + 1-83 

 + 1-37 



+7-09 

 +6-32 

 +5-14 

 +411 

 +2-89 

 +2-25 



+9 25 

 +8-33 

 +6-78 

 +5-54 

 +3-71 

 +2-93 



+9-80 

 + 8-98 

 +7-85 

 +6-44 

 +4-51 

 +3-02 



+10-58 

 + 9-06 

 + 7-93 

 + 6-77 

 + 5-01 

 + 3-26 



Ammonia 



Magnesia 



Zinc oxide 



Copper oxide.. 



Table IV. 



Volume- changes accompanying the action of Nitric Acid on 

 Nitrates, and Hydrochloric Acid on Chlorides. 





KN 2 6 + H 2 N 2 6 . 



KC1 2 +H 2 C1 2 . 



Magnesia 



Zinc oxide 



Copper oxide 



+0-07 

 +0-52 

 +0-34 



+0-16 

 +0-92 

 +0-66 



In order to find from these data the value of x in the equa- 

 tion 



it is necessary to proceed by systematic trials, inasmuch as f 

 is dependent upon # 3 but the form of this dependence is un- 

 known*. 



* | is composed of the volume-changes accompanying the reactions 

 (1 -x) RS0 4 +zH 2 SO„ and #RN 2 6 +(l-z)H 2 N 2 6 (or a?RCl 2 +[l-a?] 

 H 2 C1 2 ) j in the case of the alkalies the last member of this group of 

 changes =0. 



