58 Bichardson's Ether-Spray. [Jan., 



is not proposed to embank Ullswater — the largest by far of the 

 three lakes. 



As regards the comparative quality of the waters to be supplied 

 from the two sources, the advantage would probably be found to 

 lie with that drawn from the lakes : both, however, are sufficiently 

 good for all necessary purposes. Of the waters from the Welsh 

 risers in Mr. Bateman's scheme, the analyses show the total im- 

 purity to vary from 2*6 grains per gallon to 7*24, and the 

 hardness from 1*8 to 2*2. In the case of the lakes, the amount 

 is 3'61 to 7*00, this latter being the amount of matter in the 

 water of the river Lowther, which is to be utilized, and the 

 degrees of hardness vary from 1*5° to 5 • 2°. There is, therefore, 

 not much to choose between them, and both are vastly superior to 

 the waters now supplied to London. 



Taking a general view of the two plans, we may say that Mr. 

 Bateman's has the advantage of shorter distance and smaller cost. 

 On the other hand, the rival one has the advantage of natural 

 storage-reservoirs, and of conferring a benefit on the inhabitants of 

 South Lancashire ; and we shall be well pleased if one or other of 

 the schemes be carried out with as little loss of time as possible. 



As regards the cost of carrying out either of these schemes, the 

 authors endeavour to show that the taxation, as applied to the 

 Metropolis, would not be greater in proportion to the rateable 

 value of the property than that of several larger towns in the 

 north, and would be even less than in the case of others; and, 

 considering the interests at stake, Mr. Bateman ventures to hint 

 at the propriety of Imperial assistance, should any difficulty be 

 found in raising the required capital. 



VI. RICHARDSON'S ETHEK-SPKAY AND PAINLESS 

 OPERATIONS. 



Little do men of science think by what apparent accident it may 

 please Providence to crown their long, unwearying, and often 

 derided efforts to gain some great end, be it the alleviation of human 

 suffering or the elevation of human intelligence. Little did Dr. 

 Richardson dream, as he once entered a London ball-room, that the 

 practical joke of an acquaintance would suggest to him the readiest 

 means of rendering the human body insensible to pain, without at 

 the same time endangering life or robbing the patient of con- 

 sciousness. 



Every one who is conversant with what is going on in the 

 scientific world knows that the gentleman referred to has been for 

 many years engaged in endeavouring to produce local anoesthesia, 



