16 



CINCLUS AQUATICUS. 



(COMMON DIPPER.) 



Stumus cinclus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 803 (1788, partim). 



Turdus cinclus, Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. p. 343, " Europe, England" (1790). 



Stumus cinclus, L. Bechst. Naturg. Deutschl. iv. p. 167, " Germany" (1795, nee Linn.). 



Tardus gularis, Lath. Ind. Orn. Suppl. p. xl. av.jun., "Cumbria" (1801). 



Cinclus aquaticus, Bechst. Orn. Taschenb. p. 206, "Germany" (1802). 



Aquatilis cinclus (L), Montag. Orn. Diet. Suppl. (1813, nee Linn.). 



Cinclus eurqpeeus, Leach, Syst. Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 21 (1816). 



Cinclus medius, C. L. Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 396, "Thiiringia" (1831). 



Hydrobata cinclus (L.), G. R. Gray, Gen. of B. p. 35 (1841). 



Cinclus meridionalis, L. Brehm, Naumannia, 1856, p. 186, "Karnthen." 



Cinclus rufipectoralis, L. Brehm, torn. cit. p. 186, " Karnthen." 



Cinclus peregrinus, L. Brehm, torn. cit. p. 187. 



Cinclus rupestris, L. Brehm, torn. cit. p. 188, " Saxony, Thiiringia, Dalmatia." 



Cinclus aquaticus, Bechst., Salvin, Ibis, 1867, p. 113, " British Isles and Central Europe." 



Dipper, Water-Ouzel, Water-Pyet, Water-Crow, English ; Qobha-uisge, Gobha dubh nan allt, 

 Lon uisge, Gaelic ; Aquassiere, French ; Wasseramsel, Wasserschwdtzer, German. 



Figurce notabiles. 

 D'Aubenton, PI. Enl. 940 ; Werner, Atlas, Insectivores, pi. 20 ; Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. 

 taf. 91 ; Gould, B. of Eur. pis. 83, 84 ; id. B. of G. B. ii. pi. xli. 



6 ad. capite summo et laterali et collo postico sordide et saturate brunneis : dorso, tectricibus alarum 

 minoribus, uropygio et supracaudalibus saturate nigricanti-cinereis distincte nigro squamatis : alis et 

 cauda. nigricanti-fuscis : secundariis et tectricibus alarum majoribus in pogonio externo vis cinereo 

 marginatis : gula, et pectore cum macula supra et infra oculos pure albis : abdomine superiore saturate 

 ferrugineo, abdomine imo nigricanti-brunneo : hypochondriis et crisso cinereo lavatis. 



2 ad. baud a mari distinguenda. 



Juv. supra brunnescenti-scbistaceus nigricante brunneo squamatus, remigibus ut in adulto sed albicante api- 

 catis : subtus albus plumis plus minusve brunneo apicatis, bypocbondriis et crisso brunnescenti- 

 scbistaceis. 



Adult Male (Aboyne, Scotland) . Upper part of tbe head and nape dark brown ; back and rump dark slate- 

 grey, each feather broadly tipped with black, giving these parts the appearance of being blackish brown 

 covered with crescentic dark grey marks ; quills dark blackish brown on the outer web, narrowly 

 margined with dark slate; larger wing-coverts similar to the quills, smaller ones like the back; tail 

 dark brown, washed with dull slate; throat, fore part of the breast, and a small spot above and below 



B 



