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SAXICOLA STAPAZINA. 



(BLACK-EARED CHAT.) 



Red or Russet-coloured Wheatear, Edw. Nat. Hist. p. 31, pi. 31 (1743, partim). 



Ficedula vitiflora rufescens, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 457. no. 36, pi. 25. fig. 4 (1760). 



Ficedula vitiflora rufa, Briss. torn. cit. p. 459. no. 37 (1760, partim). 



Motacilla stapazina, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 331. no. 14 (1766, ex Edw.). 



Sylvia stapazina (L.), Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. p. 530. no. 80 (1790). 



Sylvia stapazina j3, Lath. torn. cit. p. 530 (1790). 



Vitiflora rufa, Steph. Gen. Zool. x. p. 569 (1817). 



(Enanthe albicollis, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xxi. p. 424 (1818). 



Saxicola aurita, Temm. M. d'Orn. i. p. 241 (1820). 



Sylvia albicollis, Vieill. Tabl. Encycl. des trois Regn. de la Nat. ii. p. 485 (1820). 



Sylvia rufescens, Savi, Orn. Tosc. i. p. 223 (1827). 



Saxicola amphileuca, Ehr. Symb. Phys. fol. bb (1829). 



Saxicola aurita, var. libyca, Ehr. torn. cit. pi. aa (1829). 



Vitiflora aurita (Temm.), Bp. Comp. List B. of Eur. & Am. p. 16. no. 125 (1838). 



Vitiflora aurita auct., C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, p. 224. no. 6 (1850). 



Vitiflora assimilis, C. L. Brehm, torn. cit. p. 224. no. 7 (1850). 



Traquet oreillard, French ; Caiada, Portuguese ; Ruiblanca, Sacristan, Spanish ; Lumnikan. 

 Maltese ; Culu-brancia, Monachella, Italian. 



Figurce notabiles. 



Edwards, /. c. ; Brisson, I.e.; Werner, Atlas, Insectivores, pis. 68, 69, 70, 71; Gould, B. of 

 Eur. pi. 92; Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. taf. 376. figs. 1-3; Bree, B. of Eur. pi. to p. 128: 

 Roux, Orn. Prov. pi. 200 ; Temm. Nouv. Bee. PI. Col. pi. 257. fig. 1. 



<3 ad. mst. albus, fronte, loris, regione ophthalmica et parotica alisque nigris : rectricibus ceutralibus nigris, ad 

 basin albis, reliquis albis, apice dimidioque apicali pogonii externi primse nigris : pectore vix rufescente 

 lavato : rostro et pedibus nigris : iride fusca. 



2 ad. ast. capite supr& et dorso brunnescenti-griseis : alis brunnescenti-nigris, tectricibus alarum vix fulvido 

 marginatis : cauda ut in mare picturata. : loris, regione ophthalmica et parotica brumiescenti-nigris, vix 

 fulvido notatis : corpore subtus albo : pectore rufescente lavato : pedibus et rostro nigris. 



Adult Male in breeding -plumage (Smyrna, April 17th). A narrow frontal line at the base of the bill, lores, 

 region round the eye, auricular space, including a large patch on the side of the neck, wings, scapulars, 

 and wing-coverts jet-black ; crown, neck, back, rump, and upper tail-coverts, throat, and entire under- 

 pays white, faintly clouded with pale rufous on the breast and back ; quills somewhat paler towards 

 the tips of the feathers, some of the secondaries slightly tipped with dull brownish white ; central tail- 



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