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in one of the combes on the Quantocks until the 23rd of October. I was in hopes that, as they had 

 stayed so long, and the place was a warm one, they would remain the winter there ; but I never 

 saw them afterwards, though I rode to the place several times to look for them." Speaking of 

 its range in Scotland, Mr. Robert Gray writes (B. of W. of Scotl. p. 81) as follows : — " I have 

 not seen this species in any of the Hebrides, but have traced its occurrence in all parts of the 

 western mainland, from Wigtown to Inverness-shire. It visits annually the neighbourhood of 

 Glasgow, and breeds within the city boundaries. Thirty years ago it would appear to have been 

 a much commoner bird in Lanarkshire than it is now. Near Hamilton, according to the 

 Rev. Mr. Patrick, it was 'exceedingly abundant' in 1835. On the east coast it arrives about 

 the same time as the Wheatear, perhaps a little later. It is found occasionally in Shetland." 

 Captain Clark-Kennedy informs me that he saw it on Hoy Island, Orkneys, in August 1870. 

 In Ireland it is extremely rare ; and Thompson states that he has seen but one specimen killed 

 in that country. 



I do not find it recorded as having been met with in Iceland or the Faeroes ; but it is common 

 in Scandinavia, and Mr. R. Collett writes that in Norway he found it common at Alten, near 

 Bosekop, and in Tromso, in the months of June and July ; it is of frequent occurrence in East 

 Finmark, and has been found breeding near Reno, in 70° 20' N. lat. Professor Sundevall speaks 

 of it as common throughout Sweden up into the arctic circle ; and, so far as my experience goes, 

 it is certainly one of the commonest of all the summer visitants to Finland. I found it common 

 not only in the southern and central portions of the country, but almost, if not equally so, in 

 Uleaborgs Lan, in the north of Finland. I have specimens from Archangel, where it is said to 

 breed numerously ; and it is common in Northern as well as in Central Russia. Mr. L. Sabanaeff 

 writes to me that it " is found everywhere in the Ural range as far as the Bogosloffsky Ural, 

 and is common on the western slope ; it breeds in the woods in the Shadrinsk district." 



In the Baltic Provinces and throughout the whole of North Germany it is common and 

 generally distributed during the summer season, arriving about the first week in April and 

 leaving again for the south late in September. It does not appear to be so common in Denmark 

 as in Sweden or Germany, as Kjserbolling refers to it as being neither common nor yet very 

 rare ; and Mr. Fischer speaks of a pair as having bred in the Drottninglund garden near Copen- 

 hagen in 1863. In Holland and Belgium it is found during the summer season; but in Luxem- 

 burg it appears to be rarer than Ruticilla titys. From Northern and Central France it is recorded 

 as common from May to October ; but in the southern part of that country it is, Messrs. Jaubert 

 and Barthelemy-Lapommcraye state, merely a visitant during the season of migration, nor does 

 it remain to breed until it reaches the elevated ground on the frontiers of Savoy. In Portugal 

 it would appear to be rare, as Dr. E. Rey writes (J. f. O. 1872, p. 147) that he only observed it 

 once in that country. It is found in Spain; and Mr. Howard Saunders says (Ibis, 1869, p. 210) 

 that it occurs at Granada in the spring, and probably breeds there. Dr. A. E. Brehm, however, 

 writes (J. f. O. 1858, p. 55), "it visits Spain only during the two seasons of migration. We 

 obtained specimens in May 1856, at Masnou, near Barcelona; but some days subsequently we 

 observed none. Near Murcia I first saw them on their southward journey on the 18th September ; 

 and near Madrid the first were observed wandering northwards on the 2nd April, 1857. They 

 were in small flocks, but were not numerous." Mr. A. von Homeyer (J. f. O. 1862, p. 274) met 



