384 



8 ad. pileo cinereo vix fusco tincto, versus nuchani brunnesceutiore : dorso, uropygio et tectricibus alarum 

 fumoso-cinereis : remigibus nigro-fuscis, extiis vix pallide fusco-ciuereo marginatis, secundariis intimis 

 cinereo-albo marginatis : rectrice extima, utrinque albo-cinerea, in pogonio externo fere alba, reliquis 

 nigro-fuscis, extiis pallidiore marginatis : loris et regione parotica nigro-fuscis : corpore subtus albo vix 

 rosaceo tiucto, hypochondriis pallide rufescente et cinereo lavatis : rostro nigricante, ad basin mandibulse 

 fnsco-flavido : iride cinereo-alba, : pedibus plumbeis. 



2 ad. mari similis sed sordidior, pileo brunnescentiore, loris et regione parotica pallidioribus, corpore subtus 

 cinereo tincto. 



Adult Male (Ortakeuy, Turkey, 24tb October) . Crown dull asliy grey with a faint brownish tinge, becoming 

 browner on the nape; back, rump, and wing-coverts brownish smoke-grey; quills blackish brown, 

 externally narrowly margined with ashy brownish grey, the inner secondaries edged with whitish grey ; 

 outer rectrix on each side whitish grey, the outer web nearly white, rest of the tail-feathers blackish 

 brown with lighter edges ; lores and ear-coverts blackish brown ; underparts white with a faint rosy 

 tinge, and tinged with pale rufous on the flanks ; sides tinged with grey ; bill blackish, the base of the 

 under mandible yellowish brown; iris pearly white; legs lead-colour. Total length about 5 - 25 inches, 

 culmen 0'45, wing 2'55, tail 2 - 3, tarsus 0"75 ; first primary short, being IT shorter than the second, 

 which is about equal to the fifth, but shorter than the fourth, which is about equal to the third. 



Adult Female (Volga) . Resembles the male, but is duller in colour, slightly less in size, the head is browner, 

 the lores and ear-coverts are paler, and the underparts are tinged with grey. 



The Lesser Whitethroat inhabits Europe generally during the summer season, retiring into 

 Africa during the winter ; and in Asia it is met with as far east as Dauria and China. 



In Great Britain it is by no means uncommon in many parts of the country, but is much 

 more numerous in some seasons than in others, and is much more common in the eastern than 

 in the western counties of England. Mr. A. G. More states (Ibis, 1865, p. 25) that it does not 

 breed in Cornwall or Devon, nor does he believe that it nests in Wales, but in all other English 

 i "unties, except Cheshire and Lancashire, it breeds regularly. Writing on the ornithology of 

 Dorset, Mr. Mansel-Pleydell says that it is common in the northern and eastern counties, and he 

 has often seen it at Whatcombe and Houghton. Professor Newton says he has continually seen 

 it at Bloxworth towards the end of summer. The earliest record of its arrival in Dorset is 

 16th April, 1847. In Scotland, according to Mr. R. Gray (B. of W. of Scotl. p. 95), it is 

 sparingly met with in some parts of Ayrshire, Renfrewshire, and Dumbarton, and extends to 

 the middle of Argyleshire, beyond which he has not been able to trace it satisfactorily. On the 

 cast coast it is equally local and uncertain in its appearance; and, according to Dr. Turnbull, it 

 is a rare visitant to East Lothian. It is also said to breed regularly in Stirlingshire. Dr. Saxby 

 met with it in Shetland, at Hammer, in Unst, in September 1861, and again on two subsequent 

 occasions. So far as I can ascertain, there appears to be no record of its having occurred in 

 Ireland. 



In Scandinavia it is met with, as elsewhere during the summer season, up to about 64° N. 

 lat. Mr. Collett informs me that it breeds throughout the lowlands of Southern Norway up to 

 the districts skirting the Trondhjems fiord in 58° to 64° N. lat., and is usually met with in young 

 conifer growth. It has not been known to occur in Bergen Stift, and in the districts skirting 



