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been met with near Moscow during the spring migration, and probably breeds in that vicinity. 

 It has, he further writes, been found in the Governments of St. Petersburg, OrlofF, and in the 

 districts of Kieff and Charkoff. I do not find it recorded from Poland, where, however, it 

 doubtless occurs. As regards its distribution in North Germany Borggreve writes that Pastor 

 Boeck found it in the neighbourhood of Danzig ; according to Gloger it is rare in Silesia ; 

 Tobias found it breeding in Lausitz much more numerously than R. cristatus. It also breeds in 

 Thuringia and Mecklenburg. Borggreve himself only met with the present species in the Rhine 

 and Weser mountains ; but I found both species breeding in Nassau and the Coblentz district, in 

 the proportion of about one R. cristatus to ten of the present species. Dr. Rey writes that he 

 has only met with it in winter in Saxony, and it is much less common than the Golden-crested 

 Wren on the Dolauer Haide. It has occurred as far north as Denmark ; for Professor Kjaerbolling 

 states, on the authority of Mr. Steenberg, that it has been shot at Helsingoer. Mr. Hage shot 

 one on Moen on the 19th November, 1832, and had, moreover, two specimens from Seeland. It 

 has once been killed on Borkum, and is found in Holland and Belgium, but is much rarer than 

 R. cristatus; and Degland and Gerbe refer to it as occurring in France, but do not give any 

 details as to its distribution in that country. In Provence it is common during the winter. 

 Professor Barboza du Bocage includes it in his list of birds occurring in Portugal as common ; 

 and it is, Colonel Irby informs me, numerous near Gibraltar, in Spain, where it breeds, but he 

 has not succeeded in finding its nest. He sent home a series of specimens from that locality, all 

 of which I had an opportunity of examining ; but being carbolized they could not be skinned. 

 Mr. Howard Saunders met with it on the island of Majorca, where, he was informed, it was not 

 uncommon. It is found in Italy : Bettoni says that it breeds in Lombardy ; and Doderlein states 

 that it is abundant, and partially resident, in the province of Modena, though not so numerous 

 as R. cristatus. In Sicily, however, it is the more numerous species, arriving in the district of 

 Palermo towards the end of October, and returning to the higher grounds early in April. 

 Mr. A. B. Brooke records it (Ibis, 1873, p. 243) as "very common in the ilex forests on the 

 range of mountains south of Villacidro, in which localities I saw them during the months of 

 May and June." Mr. C. A. Wright says (Ibis, 1864, p. 55) that he possesses a "specimen which 

 was shot by Mr. J. Home on the 5th November, 1860. It appears to be somewhat rare, although 

 no doubt they often escape detection." It is found in Southern Germany, but is nowhere so 

 numerous as the Golden-crested Wren. Dr. A. Fritsch says that it inhabits the fir-woods of 

 Bohemia, and visits the gardens and plantations during the winter. He once procured a number 

 of specimens from near Prague. In Greece it appears to be found in the summer as well as 

 the winter. Lindermayer says that it is a common species in the woods of Rumelia, where he 

 considers it to be a resident ; for he met with it in winter in Attica, and Dr. Kriiper found its 

 nest, containing eggs, in Mount Parnassus. I have several specimens obtained in Turkey by 

 Mr. Robson ; and it is found in Southern Russia; but Von Nordmann states that it has only been 

 obtained two or three times in the vicinity of Odessa, and appears to be rare in the Crimea. 

 Strickland obtained it in December at Smyrna ; but I have no notes from Dr. Kriiper respecting 

 its occurrence there. It is not recorded from North-east Africa, but is said to occur in all the 

 provinces of Algeria, and to be common in the forests of Constantine. 



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