554 



wing 3-3-3-4, tail 2-75-2-85, tarsus 1-0-107 ; whereas those of Aedon galactodes are — culmen 0-74-0-8, 

 wing 3-3-3-5, tail 3-0-3-15, tarsus lO-l'l. 

 The plate of Naumami's, to which I refer above, is not a very good representation of Aedon familiaris , as the 

 dark colour of the central rectrices is not shown, and the colour of the upper parts is not sufficiently 

 dark or grey. 



This, the eastern form of the Rufous Warbler, differing in the darker and greyer colour of the 

 upper parts and in the dark coloration of the central rectrices, is found in South-eastern Europe, 

 ranging eastward to Rajpootana. It has also been met with as a straggler as far north as 

 Heligoland, where, according to Professor Blasius (Ibis, 1862, p. 66), this form, and not Aedon 

 galactodes, has occurred. He states (/. c.) that it is " said to have been formerly frequently 

 seen in Heligoland. I was told by Gaetke that the only individuals of this species killed in 

 Heligoland known to him were in the collection of the apothecary Mecklenburg, at Flensburg. 

 I went there in order to ascertain which of the two species, the Spanish-African Aedon galac- 

 todes (Temm.) or the Grseco-Asiatic Aedon familiaris (Menetr.), migrated into Heligoland. 

 Undoubtedly it was the latter." In Western Europe the present species is replaced by Aedon 

 galactodes ; but it is tolerably common in Greece, from which country I have several specimens 

 collected by Dr. Kriiper and Mr. H. Seebohm. Count von der Muhle, who records the present 

 species from Greece under the name of Salicaria galactodes, says (Beitr. Orn. Griechenl. p. 66) 

 that it arrives in Greece about the middle of April, the male birds always appearing first, and 

 leaves again late in August; and Lindermayer (Vog. Griechenl. p. 94) writes that it arrives 

 in Rumelia between the 27th April and the 3rd May, and is found more especially in the 

 province of Attica; about eight or ten days previous to this it may be seen on the coasts of the 

 Peloponnesus and the islands of the Archipelago, and it breeds throughout Rumelia in the 

 plains near the coast. Lord Lilford (Ibis, 1860, p. 230), doubtless referring to the present 

 species, says, "I twice observed this species: — once in the island of Corfu, on which occasion 

 a friend killed a fine specimen ; and a few weeks afterwards near Kataito, in Epirus, where 

 1 watched a pair for some time, but refrained from shooting them, as my gun was loaded with 

 large shot." It is not referred to by Von Nordmann as occurring in Southern Russia; but pro- 

 bably it is found on the coasts of the Black Sea; and it was first described from the Caucasus 

 by Menetries, who met with it near Saliane in May. In Asia Minor it is common; and Dr. 

 Kriiper says (J. f. O. 1869, p. 38) that it is found numerously in the plains near Smyrna as far 

 as the lower mountains, and is one of the latest to arrive in the spring. In 1868 he saw the 

 first on the 7th May, and in 1869 on the 3rd May; but by about the 12th of that month all 

 appeared to have arrived, and at once commenced nidification. M. Verreaux sent me an 

 example said to be from Syria; and I examined two specimens in the Berlin Museum from 

 Beyrout, collected by Hemprich and Ehrenberg. I have never seen a specimen of the present 

 species from North Africa, and am inclined to believe that only Aedon galactodes occurs there. 



To the eastward Aedon familiaris occurs in Persia, where it is, according to Mr. Blanford, 

 tolerably common ; and Mr. A. O. Hume (Ibis, 1869, p. 355) obtained specimens from Jodhpoor, 

 in Western Rajpootana, through Dr. King. Severtzoff, who met with it in Turkestan, says 

 (Turk. Jevotnie, p. 65) that he met with it breeding throughout the entire western portion of 

 that country, the western Thian Shan, and the Karatau Mountains, along the rivers Aris, Kalles, 



