1854-56.] FROM LOANDA TO QUILIMANE. 191 



other tokens of affection, a gold chain for his daughter 

 Agnes, the work of an inhabitant of the town. These 

 gifts were duly acknowledged. It was at this place that 

 Dr. Livingstone left his Makololo followers, with instruc- 

 tions to wait for him till he should return from England. 

 Well entitled though he was to a long rest, he deliberately 

 gave up the possibility of it, by engaging to return for 

 his black companions. 



In the case of Dr. Livingstone, rest meant merely 

 change of employment, and while resting and recovering 

 from fever, he wrote a large budget of long and interesting 

 letters. One of these was addressed to the King of 

 Portugal : it affords clear evidence that, however much 

 Livingstone felt called to reprobate the deeds of some of 

 his subordinates, he had a respectful feeling for the King 

 himself, a grateful sense of the kindness received from his 

 African subjects, and an honest desire to aid the whole- 

 some development of the Portuguese colonies. It refutes, 

 by anticipation, calumnies afterwards circulated to the 

 effect that Livingstone's real design was to wrest the 

 Portuguese settlements in Africa from Portugal, and to 

 annex them to the British Crown. He refers most grate- 

 fully to the great kindness and substantial aid he had 

 received from His Majesty's subjects, and is emboldened 

 thereby to address him on behalf of Africa. He suggests 

 certain agricultural products — especially wheat and a 

 species of wax — that might be cultivated with enormous 

 profit. A great stimulus might be given to the cultiva- 

 tion of other products — coffee, cotton, sugar, and oil. 

 Much had been done for Angola, but with little result, 

 because the colonists leant on Government instead of 

 trusting to themselves. Illegitimate traffic (the slave- 

 trade) was not at present remunerative, and now was the 

 time to make a great effort to revive wholesome enter- 

 prise. A good road into the interior would be a great 

 boon. Efforts to provide roads and canals had failed for 



