290 DAVID LIVINGSTONE. [chap. xiv. 



think of fuel and provisions wasting, and salaries running 

 on. without one particle of progress. Livingstone was 

 sensitive and anxious. He speaks in his Journal of the 

 difficulty of feeling resigned to the Divine will in all 

 things, and of believing that all things work together for 

 good to those that love God. He seems to have been 

 troubled at what had been said in some quarters of his 

 treatment of members of the Expedition. In private 

 letters, in the Cape papers, in the home- papers, unfavour- 

 able representations of his conduct had been made. In 

 one case, a prosecution at law had been threatened. On 

 New Year's Day 1862 he entered in his Journal an 

 elaborate minute, as if for future use, bearing on the 

 conduct of the Expedition. He refers to the difficulty 

 to which civil expeditions are exposed, as compared with 

 naval and military, in the matter of discipline, owing to 

 the inferior authority and power of the chief. In the 

 countries visited there is no enlightened public opinion 

 to support the commander, and newspapers at home are 

 but too ready to believe in his tyranny, and make them- 

 selves the champions of any dawdling fellow who would 

 fain be counted a victim of his despotism. He enumerates 

 the chief troubles to which his Expedition had been ex- 

 posed from such causes. Then he explains how, at the 

 beginning, to prevent collision, he had made every man 

 independent in his own department, wishing only, for 

 himself, to be the means of making known to the world 

 what each man had done. His conclusion is a sad one, 

 but it explains why in his last journeys he went alone : 

 he is convinced that if" he had been by himself he would 

 have accomplished more, and undoubtedly he would have 

 received more of the approbation of his countrymen. l 

 At length the " Pioneer " was got off the bank, and on 



1 Notwithstanding this expression of feeling, Dr. Livingstone was very sincere 

 in his handsome acknowledgments, in the Introduction to The Zambesi and its 

 Tributaries, of valuable services, especially from the members of the Expedition 

 there named. 



