1862-63.] LAST TWO YEARS OF THE EXPEDITION. 309 



were certainly not the discoveries of the Portuguese. A 

 few days after he writes to Mr. Layard, then our Portu- 

 guese Minister, and comments on the map published by 

 the Viscount as representing Portuguese geography, — 

 pointing out such blunders as that which made the 

 Zambesi enter the sea at Quilimane, proving that by 

 their map the Portuguese claimed territory that was 

 certainly not theirs ; adverting to their utter ignorance 

 of the Victoria Falls, the most remarkable phenomenon 

 in Africa ; affirming that many so-called discoveries were 

 mere vague rumours, heard by travellers ; and showing 

 the use that had been made of his own maps, the names 

 being changed to suit the Portuguese orthography. 



Livingstone had the satisfaction of knowing that his 

 account of the trip to Lake Nyassa had excited much 

 interest in the Cabinet at home, and that a strong 

 remonstrance had been addressed to the Portuguese 

 Government against slave -hunting. But it does not 

 appear that this led to any hnprovement at the time. 



While stung into more than ordinary energy by the 

 atrocious deeds he witnessed around him, Livingstone was 

 living near the borders of the unseen world. He writes 

 to Sir Thomas Maclear on the 27th October 1862 : — 



" I suppose that I shall die in these uplands, and somebody will 

 carry out the plan I have longed to put into practice. I have been 

 thinking a great deal since the departure of my beloved one about the 

 regions whither she has gone, and imagine from the manner the Bible 

 describes it we have got too much monkery in our ideas. There will 

 be work there as well as here, and possibly not such a vast difference 

 in our being as is expected. But a short time there will give more 

 insight than a thousand musings. We shall see Him by whose inex- 

 pressible love and mercy we get there, and all whom we loved, and all 

 the loveable. I can sympathise with you now more fully than I did 

 before. I work with as much vigour as I can, and mean to do so till 

 the change comes ; but the prospect of a home is all dispelled." 



In one of his despatches to Lord Russell, Livingstone 

 reports an offer that had been made by a party consisting 

 of an Englishman and five Scotch working men at the 



