CHUMA, SUSI AND GARDNER. 605 



them, it was very manifest that the traders were unwilling to 

 have one whom they considered a spy taking notes of their 

 actions. Every day there came fresh reports of murders ; now 

 twenty killed, another day forty, and again ten, on most trifling 

 pretences. In the midst of it all his own followers, the 

 Johanna men, all but three, forsook him ; and of his old com- 

 pany only Chuma, Susi and Gardner remained to him. 



While he had remained at the camp of Katomba, trying to 

 regain his strength, Mohamad had gone away after ivory, and 

 he was left with his own little band ; these were now only three, 

 but with them we find this wonderful man, the last of June, 

 1870, again setting his face northwest, when he was really 

 hardly able to walk. "We hardly know which to admire most, 

 the courage and perseverance of the explorer, or the faithfulness 

 of those three young men, who, resisting all the temptations of 

 gain, offered by association with the Arabs, and facing all the 

 perils of the enraged people who they were now convinced were 

 really man-eaters, marched bravely with him. 



This was only a short journey. The people were civil for 

 fear, and frequently offered food, though they did not hesitate to 

 say that they only allowed the stranger to live because they 

 feared the guns. As an illustration of the dreadful outrages 

 which they were suffering, Livingstone passed through eleven 

 villages burned about one string of beads. Beside the evils 

 invariably attending the forays of these traders, the peculiar con- 

 dition of the Manyuema gave rise to innumerable barbarities 

 which would not have occurred in other countries. We have re- 

 marked the singular isolation of the villages, and the bitter 

 feuds existing between them ; the foolish head men of these vil- 

 lages took advantage of the presence of these marauders and 

 often hired bands of them, by gifts of goats and ivory, to 

 destroy the village of their enemies ; so that they were in their 

 blindness paying for the very desolations which so incensed 

 them, paying the Arabs to do that which they hated them so 

 bitterly for. 



Surrounded by such gigantic evils an ordinary man would 

 have hardly been able to think of the rivulets, and plants, and 

 insects, and animals, or notice the little peculiarities; but this 

 man had an eye for everything, and it was not in the power of 



