620 NYANGWE MARKET. 



which Dr. Livingstone had now to contend with, that his paper 

 and ink were both exhausted. The world owes him a debt of 

 gratitude that he did not allow this to hinder him in the record 

 which he had so conscientiously made of what he saw and did. 

 An engraving faithfully representing a portion of his journal 

 written under these disadvantages will convey a better idea of 

 the shifts by which he mastered them than any words of ours. 

 An old newspaper, made into the shape of a copy book, and ink 

 made from the juice of some native berries, were his substitutes 

 for nicer materials. With these he preserved for us the scenes 

 and incidents of many months. 



Probably the most interesting feature of the village of Ny- 

 angwe was its market. The market is a great institution in 

 Manyuema. At Nyangwe the market was held every fourth 

 day. The vendors of the various commodities were chiefly 

 women, and such women as did full credit to the market-women 

 of the world. The great numbers assembled inspire all with 

 confidence, and they stand firmly by the rules of justice. This 

 assembly is the principal pleasure of all classes; all love to 

 trade in the market; if a man proposes to buy a chicken, the 

 owner tells him " Come to the market." There were all sorts of 

 articles to be had : cloth, fowls, fish, earthen vessels, cassava, palm 

 oil, salt, pepper, anything to be had in the country was to be 

 had there. And the business was carried on with the sprightly 

 energy which always attends a crowd and competition. The 

 women seemed to be fully in their element : they would haggle 

 and joke with equal readiness. Many of them were old and 

 careworn, others young and beautiful — it is so in all markets ; 

 the old were thoughtful and anxious-looking, the young were 

 thoughtless and sportive — it is so with old and young people 

 elsew T here; the old women carried a w T eight of memories, the 

 young women were carried by hope toward a future of promise — 

 it is always so with age and youth. But old and young under- 

 stood their business. A few men are mingled with these busy 

 mothers and wives, selling their iron-ware, grass cloth and pigs. 

 When the market is fairly opened it is a busy scene, and the 

 description which Dr. Livingstone gives of it is too good to be 

 lost : " Every one is there in dead earnest ; little time is lost in 

 friendly greetings. Vendors of fish run about with little pot- 



