APPENDIX 



Discouragements — Recent Successes of Explorers — Revival of Interest — Com- 

 mercial Importance — Familiar Trees of North and West Africa — Tropical 

 Africa — General Appearance — South African Forests — Lumber Exports — 

 Excellence of Soil — Cotton, Coffee, etc.— Mineral Resources — Gold Mines — 

 Copper Mines — Diamond Fields — The Ivory Trade — Commerce of West Coast 

 — The Slave-Trade — Baker's Work — Slave-Traders Classified — Slaves Classi- 

 fied — Sources of the Trade Classified — Total Annual Traffic in Slaves — Theories 

 for Suppression — The Tendency of Events — Not an Abstract Question — Slavery 

 has had its Mission — The Nations Against It — Providence in the Revolution 

 — The Nile — Baker — Speke — Livingstone — Missions — The Former Successes 

 — General Influence — The Prospect. 



Costly indeed have been the sacrifices made for the redemp- 

 tion of Africa. Providence has seemed to patronize barbarism 

 in a perpetual and fatal monopoly of the continent. The land 

 has been thought of as a prison. Insalubrious airs infest the 

 coasts and cataracts, obstruct the rivers — the malaria has been a 

 wall, the rivers have been barred gates. The obstinate gloom 

 has been called a curse, which human benevolence could not 

 presume to change. The baffled ages have been perplexed. 

 The task has seemed hopeless, discouragements have fostered 

 doubts, destiny has seemed to deny the obligations of civiliza- 

 tion, Christianity has parleyed with expediency, science has 

 counted the costs. Over and over again the wearied energies 

 of the world have relaxed, and the work of redeeming Africa 

 has seemed about to be abandoned ; over and over again the 

 land which gave a birthplace to the Star of Empire, and a 

 nursery to Israel, has seemed about to be recognized as the 

 predestined dominion of absolute ignorance and sin. But it 

 was impossible : light had received its commission, the world 

 had been given to Christ. Africa could not be forgotten. 

 Science could not abandon a continent, Christianity could not 

 abandon one hundred million souls. Again and again the 

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