BUTTERFLIES. -263 



caterpillars always have sixteen legs ; namely, two, which are 

 tapering, jointed, and scaly, to each of the first three seg- 

 ments behind the head, and a pair of thick fleshy legs, with- 

 out joints, to all the remaining segments, except the fourth, 

 fifth, tenth, and eleventh. 



The butterflies are divisible into two tribes ; namely, the 

 true butterflies, which carry all their wings upright when 

 at rest ; and the skippers, which have only the fore wings 

 upright, the hind wings being nearly horizontal when at 

 rest. 



1. Butterflies. 



In these insects all the wings are erect when at rest, and 

 the antennae are knobbed, but never hooked, at the end. 

 Their caterpillars have a head of moderate size, suspend 

 themselves by the tail when about to transform, and are 

 not enclosed in cocoons. Some of these butterflies have the 

 six legs all equally fitted for walking ; their caterpillars are 

 more or less cylindrical, and secure themselves by a trans- 

 verse band, as well as by the tail, previously to their trans- 

 formation to chrysalids ; and the latter are angular. All 

 these characters exist in the following species. 



In the month of June there may be found on the leaves 

 of the parsley and carrot certain caterpillars, (Plate IV. 

 Fig. 6,) more commonly called parsley- worms, which are 

 somewhat swelled towards the fore part of the body, but 

 taper a little behind. When first hatched they are less than 

 one tenth of an inch in length, are of a black color, with 

 a broad white band across the middle, and another on the 

 tail ; and the back is studded with little black projecting 

 points. After they have increased in size, and have cast 

 their coats, it is found that the white band covers only the 

 sixth and seventh segments, that the black projecting points 

 spring from spots of an orange color, and on the lower part 

 of the sides is a row of white spots, two more spots of the 

 same color on the top of the first segment, and one larger 



