630 APPENDIX. 



Thousands of army-worms may be easily destroyed in a 

 meadow, by running a heavy iron roller over it. A very 

 small pressure is sufficient to burst their skins, and the 

 slightest injury of this kind will kill them. If the meadow 

 or field is level, few worms can escape the roller, and thus 

 a stop will be put to them at once. Of course this cannot 

 succeed as well where the ground is rough and uneven, 

 for the worms always take shelter in the hollows. The 

 best time to roll is while the worms are feeding and up 

 among the leaves, for then they are sure to be crushed ; 

 at other times they are sheltered, and a great number will 



escape As soon as the crop is removed from an 



infested field, turn in all the hogs you can, and also chick- 

 ens and turkeys ; ducks will do a great deal of good by 

 searching for and eating the caterpillars. All these animals 

 will eat the fallen grain, and thus save it in making flesh 

 and fowl. Sheep turned into the field will kill many of 

 the worms by trampling upon them ; especially will this 

 be the case if the flock is large. If crows and blackbirds 

 are visiting the fields, do not let them be disturbed ; there 

 never was a crow or blackbird, that would not prefer a fat 

 caterpillar to a grain of corn, oats, or wheat." 



Fig. 277. Fig. 278. 



Figures 277 and 278 represent two species of ichneumon 

 which destroy great numbers of the army-worm. Several 

 species of two-winged flies belonging to the Tachinadce are 

 also destructive to them. (See page 612 ; also, Plate VIII. 

 Fig. 1.) 



