﻿into 
  the 
  i 
  Skin 
  '-effect 
  in 
  Electrical 
  Oscillators. 
  

  

  439 
  

  

  was 
  continued 
  until 
  readings 
  at 
  a 
  sufficient 
  number 
  of 
  distances 
  

   had 
  been 
  secured. 
  Then 
  another 
  pair 
  of 
  cylinders 
  was 
  taken 
  

   and 
  a 
  similar 
  set 
  of 
  readings 
  obtained. 
  

  

  Rutherford 
  reported 
  that 
  in 
  his 
  experiments 
  no 
  difference 
  

   could 
  be 
  detected 
  whether 
  the 
  first 
  semi-oscillation 
  in 
  the 
  

   receiver 
  tended 
  to 
  magnetize 
  the 
  core 
  or 
  the 
  reverse, 
  but 
  in 
  

   my 
  experiments 
  this 
  was 
  very 
  evident. 
  For 
  instance, 
  on 
  

   putting 
  the 
  detector 
  in 
  place 
  at 
  30 
  cms. 
  from 
  the 
  oscillator, 
  a 
  

   scale-reading 
  of 
  57 
  mm. 
  was 
  obtained. 
  Next, 
  after 
  re- 
  

   magnetizing, 
  the 
  detector 
  was 
  hung 
  up 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  face 
  

   presented 
  to 
  the 
  oscillator 
  was 
  the 
  reverse 
  of 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  former 
  

   case. 
  In 
  other 
  words, 
  if 
  the 
  detector 
  were 
  now 
  raised 
  out 
  of 
  

   its 
  mercury 
  cups, 
  turned 
  through 
  180° 
  about 
  its 
  axis 
  and 
  then 
  

   dropped 
  into 
  its 
  cups 
  again, 
  its 
  first 
  position 
  would 
  have 
  been 
  

   recovered. 
  With 
  the 
  detector 
  in 
  this 
  second 
  position, 
  a 
  

   deflexion 
  of 
  but 
  37 
  mm. 
  was 
  obtained. 
  The 
  oscillator 
  is 
  very 
  

   dead-beat, 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  detector 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  position, 
  the 
  first 
  

   (and 
  greatest) 
  pulse 
  received 
  by 
  it 
  was 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  to 
  

   demagnetize 
  the 
  core 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  second 
  position 
  this 
  first 
  pulse 
  

   was 
  in 
  the 
  opposite 
  direction 
  in 
  the 
  helix, 
  and 
  the 
  total 
  

   resulting 
  demagnetization 
  was 
  not 
  so 
  great. 
  This 
  difference 
  

   in 
  reading 
  gradually 
  diminished 
  as 
  the 
  detector 
  was 
  withdrawn 
  

   from 
  the 
  oscillator, 
  and 
  at 
  about 
  60 
  cms. 
  it 
  disappeared. 
  In 
  

   Table 
  III. 
  is 
  given 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  readings 
  at 
  distances 
  between 
  

   30 
  and 
  90 
  cms., 
  the 
  two 
  positions 
  of 
  the 
  detector 
  being 
  

   denoted 
  bv 
  1 
  and 
  2. 
  

  

  Table 
  III. 
  

  

  Distance 
  of 
  

   Oscillator 
  

  

  from 
  

   Detector 
  

   in 
  cms. 
  

  

  

  Oscillator 
  ; 
  position 
  of 
  detector 
  ; 
  and 
  scale- 
  

   reading 
  in 
  mm. 
  

  

  

  No 
  

  

  1. 
  

  

  No. 
  9. 
  

  

  No. 
  11. 
  

  

  No. 
  

  

  12. 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  30 
  

  

  50 
  

  

  25 
  

  

  57 
  

  

  39 
  

  

  50 
  

  

  30 
  

  

  63 
  

  

  48 
  

  

  40 
  

  

  30 
  

  

  22 
  

  

  47 
  

  

  31 
  

  

  34 
  

  

  24 
  

  

  50 
  

  

  41 
  

  

  50 
  

  

  27 
  

  

  26 
  

  

  35 
  

  

  35 
  

  

  30 
  

  

  24 
  

  

  44 
  

  

  38 
  ! 
  

  

  60 
  

  

  27 
  

  

  25 
  

  

  36 
  

  

  32 
  

  

  29 
  

  

  32 
  

  

  44 
  

  

  43 
  

  

  70 
  

  

  23 
  

  

  22 
  

  

  28 
  

  

  28 
  

  

  25 
  

  

  29 
  

  

  

  

  80 
  

  

  22 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  31 
  

  

  25 
  

  

  27 
  

  

  26 
  

  

  35 
  

  

  35 
  

  

  90 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  29 
  

  

  26 
  

  

  25 
  

  

  27 
  

  

  

  

  