﻿On 
  Coal 
  and 
  Petroleum 
  Deposits 
  in 
  Turkey. 
  551 
  

  

  prefers 
  to 
  endorse 
  the 
  Continental 
  view 
  of 
  these 
  rocks, 
  and 
  to 
  

   group 
  the 
  Tremadoc 
  Series 
  with 
  the 
  Ordovician, 
  with 
  the 
  re- 
  

   servation 
  that 
  the 
  Dictyonema-shales 
  of 
  Europe 
  should 
  be 
  regarded 
  

   as 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  Tremadoc, 
  the 
  base-line 
  of 
  the 
  Ordovician 
  being 
  

   drawn 
  immediately 
  below 
  these 
  shales. 
  

  

  The 
  paper 
  contains 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  Hyolithidae 
  and 
  trilobites 
  

   of 
  these 
  rocks. 
  Three 
  new 
  species 
  of 
  Hyolithus 
  are 
  named 
  and 
  

   described 
  in 
  full, 
  and 
  four 
  in 
  outline, 
  while 
  a 
  revision 
  of 
  Holl's 
  

   species 
  H. 
  fistula 
  is 
  given. 
  Notes 
  are 
  also 
  given, 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Philip 
  

   Lake 
  and 
  the 
  author, 
  on 
  Agnostns 
  trisectus, 
  Cheirurus 
  Frederici, 
  and 
  

   other 
  trilobites, 
  and 
  a 
  name 
  is 
  given 
  to 
  certain 
  cylindrical 
  bodies 
  

   which 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  eggs 
  or 
  excreta 
  of 
  some 
  animal. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Appendix 
  on 
  the 
  Cambrian 
  Brachiopoda 
  of 
  the 
  Malvern 
  

   Hills, 
  after 
  making 
  a 
  few 
  brief 
  remarks 
  as 
  to 
  our 
  present 
  knowledge 
  

   of 
  these 
  fossils, 
  Mr. 
  C. 
  A. 
  Matley 
  proceeds 
  to 
  describe 
  a 
  new 
  species 
  

   of 
  Obolella 
  and 
  a 
  new 
  variety 
  of 
  Acrotreta 
  Sabrince. 
  Species 
  of 
  

   Lingulella, 
  Lingula, 
  and 
  Acrotreta 
  are 
  described, 
  and 
  a 
  revision 
  is 
  

   given 
  of 
  Obolella 
  (?) 
  Salteri, 
  Lingulella 
  Nicholsoni, 
  Acrotreta 
  Sabrince, 
  

   Linnarssonia 
  Belti, 
  and 
  Kutorgina 
  cingulata 
  vars. 
  Phillipsi 
  and 
  

   pusilla. 
  

  

  December 
  18th.— 
  J. 
  J. 
  H. 
  Teall, 
  Esq., 
  M.A., 
  V.P.R.S., 
  President, 
  

   in 
  the 
  Chair. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  communications 
  were 
  read 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  1. 
  ' 
  Coal 
  and 
  Petroleum-Deposits 
  in 
  European 
  Turkev.' 
  By 
  

   Lieut.-Colonel 
  Thomas 
  English, 
  E.G.S. 
  

  

  In 
  this 
  paper 
  an 
  account 
  is 
  given 
  of 
  the 
  formations 
  which 
  include 
  

   some 
  recently 
  discovered 
  coal-seams 
  and 
  naphtha-bearing 
  sands 
  of 
  

   Tertiary 
  age 
  in 
  the 
  little 
  visited 
  stretch 
  of 
  country 
  lying 
  to 
  the 
  

   north 
  of 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Xeros 
  in 
  the 
  Mediterranean, 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  

   western 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  Sea 
  of 
  Marmora. 
  The 
  geological 
  map 
  which 
  

   accompanies 
  the 
  paper 
  is 
  founded 
  on 
  the 
  topography 
  of 
  that 
  com- 
  

   piled 
  by 
  the 
  Russian 
  military 
  staff. 
  The 
  lowest 
  beds 
  seen 
  are 
  soft 
  

   brown 
  limestones, 
  with 
  nummulites 
  of 
  Lutetian 
  age, 
  overlaid 
  by 
  blue 
  

   shales. 
  These, 
  again, 
  are 
  covered 
  conformably 
  by 
  brownish-grey 
  

   calcareous 
  sandstones, 
  with 
  subordinate 
  beds 
  of 
  clay 
  and 
  shale, 
  and 
  

   occasional 
  interruptions 
  of 
  basalt 
  and 
  rhyolite, 
  which 
  are 
  folded 
  

   into 
  a 
  well-marked 
  syncline 
  and 
  anticline. 
  In 
  these 
  sandstones 
  

   there 
  are 
  outcrops 
  of 
  several 
  seams 
  of 
  coal, 
  one 
  being 
  3| 
  feet 
  thick. 
  

   It 
  is 
  a 
  bituminous, 
  hard, 
  non-coking 
  steam-coal, 
  with 
  a 
  sandstone- 
  

   floor 
  and 
  hard 
  clay-roof 
  containing 
  impressions 
  of 
  dicotyledonous 
  

   leaves. 
  Associated 
  with 
  the 
  coal 
  is 
  a 
  layer 
  of 
  brecciated 
  rhyolite, 
  

   which 
  may 
  have 
  had 
  some 
  influence 
  in 
  converting 
  lignite 
  into 
  true 
  

   coal. 
  The 
  section 
  of 
  a 
  trial-boring, 
  striking 
  the 
  coal 
  at 
  122 
  feet 
  

   from 
  the 
  surface, 
  is 
  given 
  ; 
  and 
  also 
  that 
  of 
  a 
  boring 
  225 
  feet 
  deep 
  

  

  