■ THE MARINE ALG^E OF NEW ENGLAND. 5 



gelliformis, C. divaricata. Desmarestia aculeata, D. viridis, Phyllitis fascia, 

 Scytosijylwn lomentarius, the common Fuci and Laminarice, not to men- 

 tion a large number of Chlorosporew and Gryptophycece. But a very 

 few exclusively American species are found throughout our limits. 

 Most of the purely American species are either confined to the shore 

 south of Cape Cod or else to the shore from Boston northward. In 

 fact, a good share of our common sea-weeds could be recognized from 

 the figures in the Phycologia Brittanica. 



Let us consider next the characteristic species between Boston and 

 Eastport. In studying these we must turn not to works on the algse of 

 France, or Great Britain, but rather to those on Scandinavian algse. It is 

 especially instructive to examine the Algse Scandinavicse of Professor 

 Areschoug in connection with our own forms. The resemblance is at 

 once striking. At Eastport we have a magnificent growth of Lamina- 

 rice and Fuci, which predominate over all other forms. The larger spe- 

 cies are even found high up on the shore, and we find growing in pools 

 Saecorhiza dermatodea, Laminaria longicruris, Agarum Turneri, Dicty- 

 osiphon hippuroides, Halosaccion ramentaceum, and Monostroma Blytii ; at 

 low- water mark Lithothamnion fasciculatum abounds 5 and Futhora cris- 

 tata, Belesseria sinuosa, D. alata, and Gallithamnion Pylaiscei can easily 

 be collected without wading. The rocks are covered with crusts of Pe- 

 trocelis cruenta, and Balfsia verrucosa, and the luxuriant Fucus evanes- 

 cens. With the exception of Agarum Turneri, which is not found in 

 Europe, but which occurs in the North Pacific, and G. Pylaiscei, which 

 is peculiar to America, all the species named are found in the north of 

 Norway. Futhora cristata does not appear south of Scotland, where it is 

 rare, and Laminaria longicruris is scarcely known south of the northern 

 part of Scotland. As we proceed southwards from Eastport to Nahant, 

 near Boston, we find that the species named disappear into deeper water, 

 and, with the exception of Monostroma Blyttii, are not generally seen ex- 

 cept when washed ashore. Dictyosiplion hippuroides has not yet been seen 

 south of Eastport, but Saecorhiza dermatodea, known to Harvey only 

 from Newfoundland, is now known to occur at Marblehead, near Nahant, 

 and Halosaccion is not rare in deep pools at Gloucester, while Monos- 

 troma Blyttii, in rather a small form, is found on exposed rocks at Little 

 Nahant. Fucus evanescens, which is as abundant as F. vesiculosus at 

 Eastport, seems to be replaced on the Massachusetts coast by F. fur- 

 catus. Calliblepharis ciliata of Harvey's Nereis, found from Cape Ann 

 northwards is now known to be the same as Bhodophyllis veprecula, a 

 common species on northern coasts. As yet none of the Scandinavian 

 species of Phlosospora have been found with us, but it is not unlikely 

 that they might be found by a botanist who should collect at Eastport 

 in tbe spring. It is hardly likely that Phlceospora tortilis does not occur 

 with us, for it is not uncommon on the Norwegian coast, and was collected 

 in Greenland by Dr. Kiimlien, of the Howgate expedition. Polysipho- 

 nia arctica inay perhaps also be expected, as well as Chcetopteris plumosa, 



