112 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



on different individuals, or when borne on the same individual not inter, 

 mixed, but on separate portions of the frond. 



Common on stones near low- water mark. 



Found in all parts of the world. 



This common species abounds on rather smooth stones and pebbles, and when the 

 tide falls covers them with sliiny films, which make walking over them, difiicult. 

 The shape of the fronds is very variable, but as generally found they are much folded 

 and laciniate. The species is used for making soups in Europe, but is not used in this 

 country, except by the Chinese, who import it from China, not knowing that it occurs 

 abundantly on our own coast. P. leucosticta j»robably occurs in New England, but has 

 not yet certainly been observed. It is a spring species, softer and brighter colored 

 than P. laciniata, and the antheridia and spores are found on the same individual, 

 forming spots within the margin rather than a marginal zone. 



BANGIA, Lyngb. 



(Named in honor of Niels Hofmann Bang, of Copenhagen.) 



Fronds gelatinous, simple, filamentous, cylindrical, densely tufted, 



composed below of a single row of cells, which, by repeated vertical 



division, become densely cellular above; antheridia and spores formed 



by transformation of the cells of the upper part of the filaments. 



A small genus, of which most of the species are marine, but some are found in fresh 

 water. The species are not well characterized, for the differences in the length of the 

 filaments, color, and number of cells seen in cross-section, marks upon which most 

 writers have relied, depend to a great extent upon the age of the plant and its place 

 of growth. 



B. fusco-purpurea, Lyngb.; Phyc. Brit., PL 96; Reinke, 1. c, 

 Pis. 12, 13. 



Filaments blackish purple, two to six inches long, clustered in dense 

 masses, lubricous ; antheridia and spores usually on different individ- 

 uals. 



On wharves and rocks between tide-marks. 



Bather common along the whole coast. 



Easily recognized by the fine, soft, dark-purple filaments, which cover rocks and 

 wood work in patches of considerable size with a dense gelatinous fleece. Although 

 found on wharves in sheltered localities, it also occurs on rocks exposed to the waves. 



EBYTHBOTBICHIA, Aresch. 



(From epv&gog, red, and rpixtov, a small hair.) 



Fronds rose-colored, simple, filamentous, composed of a single row of 

 similar cells placed end to end ; cell contents discharged in a spherical 

 mass, which forms a spore. 



A small genus, whose principal representative, E. ceramicola, is by many writers 

 placed in Bangia. As we understand the genus, it diners from' Bangia in that there 

 are no antheridia or tetraspores, the reproduction being accomplished by the discharge 

 of the cell contents in a single mass or spore. If Bangia ciliaris of the Nereis, which 



