THE GENUS CALOSOMA. 31 



Two pairs of young stock, reared in the fall of 1909 from the par- 

 ents cited in the preceding paragraph, entered hibernation on Decem- 

 ber 16 in jars of earth kept in the laboratory. These jars contain- 

 ing the pairs were transferred to the laboratory cellar which retains a 

 temperature of from 30° to 50° F. during the winter. At the advent 

 of spring these jars were again transferred to a shelf in an outdoor 

 cage. The beetles hibernated in cavities at the bottom of large bat- 

 tery jars and could be seen from the outside. The females emerged 

 July 6 and 11, respectively, and until July 18 the males had not shown 

 any signs of activity, at which time they were removed from their 

 cavities and placed on the surface. One of the females died during 

 the summer of 1910, and the remaining two males and one female re- 

 entered hibernation September 7 and 13. None of these lived to 

 emerge in the spring of 1911, but two of the males were found dead, 

 3 and 8 inches deep in the earth. 



It appears from the foregoing notes that one might expect normal 

 adults of this species in New England to enter hibernation from Sep- 

 tember 1 to 15 and emerge the following spring from June 1 to 15, 

 depending entirely upon the season. 



The cavities ranged in depth from 1 to 9 inches in loose loam such 

 as was used in the foregoing experiments. 



THE EGG. 



[PI. VII, A.] 



The average length of 8 eggs which had been preserved in alcohol was 5 mm., 

 and the average width 2.3 mm. The largest egg measured was 5.5 mm. long and 

 2.5 mm. wide. Fresh eggs of this species appear to be somewhat larger than those of 

 sycophanta; hence the latter measurements would probably be more correct for fertile 

 eggs soon after deposition. 



The eggs are white, with a faint yellowish tinge, nearly elliptical in form, slightly 

 tapering toward one end; in fact, they present the same general appearance as those 

 of sycophanta. 



The time in the egg stage varied from 3 to 14 days, the general aver- 

 age being 6.84 days as secured from a large number deposited in 1909 

 by several females. The eggs were deposited between June 4 and 

 July 15. Similar data were secured from the hatching of 81 eggs in 

 1910, deposited from June 21 and June 24, inclusive. The average 

 time required for the hatching of this lot was five days. Oviposition 

 in the latter case took place entirely during the last days in June when 

 the temperature was more even, and resulted in the development of 

 the eggs in a shorter time. (PI. VII, B.) 



DESCRIPTION OF LARVA. 



First stage (PI. VIII, A, B). — Large, robust larva. Average length of 10 specimens, 

 9.5 mm.; width, 2.5 mm. Caudal appendages of medium length, rather stout. Color 

 very dark brown to black ventral plates light brown. 



Second stage (PI. VIII, C, D). — Form similar to that in first stage. Average lengt h oi 

 8 specimens, 16.9 mm. ; width, 4.4 mm. Caudal appendages, short , stout , and straight . 

 Color same as in first stage. 



Thirdstage (PI. IX, A, B). — Very large, robust, larva. Average length oi 10 speci- 

 mens, 25.6 mm.; width, 5.6 mm* Posterior margin of ninth abdominal segment usu- 

 ally truncate, angles not prolonged. Caudal appendages straight, very stout near base; 

 dorsal protuberance short and acute, located about one-half distance between base and 

 tip. Color very dark brown and black, shining. Ventral plates light brown. 

 Reddish-brown patch at base of caudal appendages in second and third stages. 



The foregoing measurements were made from alcoholic specimens, 

 while those of most other species were made from living material. 



