98 BULLETIN 417, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



CALOSOMA CALIDUM (Fab.). 

 (Syn.: Calosoma lepidum Lee.) 



ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION. 



[Translation.] 



Carabus, mngless, black, elytra crenate-striate and with hollowed out golden 

 punctures in triple row. 



Habitat in America. 



Related to Carabus hortensis, but with elytra by no means as smooth, interstices 

 between the golden punctured striae very elevated, crenate. Antennae reddish at 

 the apex. 



EARLY RECORDS OF THE SPECIES. 



This species was first described by Fabricius in 1775 and was given a 

 place in his other writings until 1801. During the latter year the genus 

 Carabus was subdivided into Carabus and Calosoma and this species 

 was included in the latter group. Latreille, Say, Dejean, and Kirby 

 gave descriptions of the species and notes as to its habitat. The latter 

 in 1837 wrote that "it is very common in all parts of North America." 



LeConte, in 1845, described a new species as Calosoma lepidum 

 from the Territory of Missouri, but later writers and collectors seemed 

 to have ignored it. There is no record of the species in any of the 

 public collections of the United States save the single type specimen 

 in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. An 

 examination shows that this specimen should be referred to C. calidum, 

 therefore lepidum is regarded as a synonym. 



Glover, Fitch, Walsh, and Riley have all published brief notes on 

 this species. F. G. Schaupp in 1882 made a biological study of the 

 species and described the larva. In 1896 and 1897 the senior writer 

 made further studies into the life history of the species and described 

 the larval stages. 



Various other writers, namely, Comstock, Fletcher, Lintner, 

 Packard, Forbes, Bruner, and others have published many inter- 

 esting notes on the feeding habits of the beetles and their larvse, 

 together with their occurrence in different parts of the continent. 



DISTRIBUTION. 



This species is found in Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District 

 of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, 

 Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota; Mississippi, 

 Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New 

 York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South 

 Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, and Wisconsin. It has also 

 been reported from Alberta, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec, 

 Canada. 



SHIPMENTS. 



November 6, 1911, two males and one female w T ere removed from 

 hibernation cages, packed with damp sphagnum moss in perforated 

 tin boxes, which were inclosed in a tube and mailed to Mr. E. M. 

 Ehrhorn, Honolulu, Hawaii. On December 1 he wrote that the 

 beetles reached him in fine condition. This was the first experiment, 

 to the writer's knowledge, in shipping Calosoma beetles long dis- 

 tances while dormant. It was successful, however, in this small 





