110 



APPENDIX. 



[[sect. 



be the confusion confounded of nouns, verbs, pronouns, and 

 adverbs being used convertibly the one for the other. 



The repetition of the signs of nouns gives precision to 

 the sentence. These signs impart force and clearness to 

 each member of a proposition, and prevent any mistake 

 about the antecedent. By a single letter or syllable a recur- 

 rent allusion to a subject spoken of can be made, without 

 such circumlocution as "The said defendant" "Said sub- 

 ject matter" used by our lawyers. The sign in Sichuana is 

 employed in the same manner as the Greek article; but 

 always comes after the noun. It certainly is strange to us to 

 say "dog a" or "moon the" but so speak the Bechuanas; 

 enca e for the one; and nueri e for the other 1 . 



These signs are arranged by Dr Livingstone into three 

 classes which embrace all the nouns in the language 2 ; the 

 following is a conspectus of these classes. 



i st CLASS. 

 Singular. 

 Particle e. 

 All nouns beginning with the 

 letters p, e, c, k, t, i, n, i, n, take 

 e as their particle or sign in the 

 singular number. 



(Pechtining.) 



Plural. 

 Particle li, or tse. 

 All nouns beginning with the 

 letters p, e, c, k, t, i, n, i, n, form 

 their plural by prefixing li, which 

 li repeated after the noun is the 

 pi. sign ; tse is interchangeable 

 with li for the sake of euphony. 



2nd CLASS. 

 Particles bo, le, lo, se, yo, ye. 

 All nouns beginning with the 

 syllables bo, le, lo, se, take bo, le, 

 lo, se, as their signs ; bo and le 

 having yo and ye supplemental. 

 (Bolelose.) 



1 Analysis, p. 9. 



Particles a, li, tse. 

 All nouns beginning with the 

 syllables bo, le, lo, se, form their 

 plural thus : bo, le are changed 

 into ma, and the pi. sign is a. Lo, 

 se follow 1st class, forming the plu- 

 ral by becoming li : li, tse are the 

 pi. signs. 



2 Ibid. p. 11. 



