C»a»«] SYNGENESIA 435 



1, C. Ctanus, L. Leaves linear-lanceolate, entire, the lower ones 



dentate at base ; leaflets of the involucre serrate. JVilUL Sp. 3. p. 2291. 



p w /™— Blue-bottle. Ragged Robin. Blue-bonnets, of the Scotch. 



Gallice — Bluet. Germanice — Die Kornblume. Ilispanice — Ci&no. 

 Root annual. Stem 18 inches to 3 feet high, much branched, striate-angled, 

 clothed wiih a cinereous cobweb-like villus. Leaves 2 to G inches long, and 2 or 

 3 lines to half an inch wide, acute, sessile, hoary-villose, or lanuginous, especially 

 on the under surface,— the upper ones entire, the lower ones dentate, or some- 

 times pinnatiful, near the base. Heads roundish-ovoid, terminal, pedunculate ; 

 involucre imbricated, the lower or outer leaflets ovate, serrate, the inner ones 

 longer, lanceolate, scarious and entire on the margin, serrate at apex ; florets of 

 the centre, or disk, perfect, regular, with a slender tube, mostly purplish, with 

 darker colored anthers, those of the circumference obsoletely pistillate, larger, 

 spreading or recurved, funnel-form, with a long tube, blue, or someiimes varying 

 to purplish, arid white. Akencs oblong, compressed, striate, pilose, with an open- 

 ing, or cavity, on one side of the base (lateral areola) ; pappus of numerous rufous 

 scabrous hairs of unequal lengths. 



Hub. Gardens, and cultivated lots: not uncommon. Fl. July. Fr. August. 



Obs. This species is frequent about gardens ; and is becoming partially natur- 

 alized in some of our fields. Two or three others are said to be naturalized in the 

 U. State?,— and one \cry pretty native species has been found in the South, by Mr 

 Nuitall. 





356. CARTHAMUS. Gxrtn. Less. Syn. p. 8. 

 [Arabic, qorthom, to paint; from its coloring properties.] 



Beads homogamous. Involucre imbricated ; the exterior lea/lets foli- 

 aceous. Florets all tubular, perfect. Filaments smooth. Pappus 0. 

 Akenes 4-angled, 4-ribbed, with a lateral areola. Receptacle bristly- 

 paleaceous. 



1. C. tixctorius, Willd. Stem glabrous ; leaves lance-ovate, 

 entire, spinose-denticulnte. Willd. Sp. 3. p. 1706. 



Dyer's Caiithamus. Vulgo — Saffron. Sajflo-wer. 

 Gall. — Safran bdtard. Germ.- Das Buerstenkraut. Hisp.- CArtamo. 

 Root annual. Stem 1 to 2/eet high, branching, striate, very smooth. Leaves 1 

 to 3 inches long, and half an inch to an inch and half wide, lance-ovate, or lance- 

 oblong, spinose-cuspidatc, sjrinulose on the margin, strongly and reticulately veined* 

 smooth and sinning, sessile and scmiamplexicaul. Heads large ; loxcer leaflets of 

 *he involucre foliaceous and lance-ovate at apex, narrowed a?id thicker at base. Flo- 

 r t ts of a deep reddish orange-color^ with a long slender tube, and o-parted limb. 

 Akenes bald t or destitute of pajypus. 



Hab. Gardens : frequent. Fl. July. Fr. September. 



Obs. Occasionally cultivated for the florets ; which are used as a domestic dye- 

 stuff,— and are also hig/Uy popular, among Nurses, as a remedy for various infan- 

 tile complaints. There are no native species in the U. States. 



Sub-Tribe 2. Carduineje. Akenes not beaked, with the areola terminal. 

 Pappus pilose, or plumose, the base not invented by a margin, often long, and de- 

 ciduous. Involucre of many leaflets, distinct, and mostly spinose. Receptacle 

 alveolate, or bristly. 



