438 SYNGENESIA [Ctxahe* 



4. C. spjnorisstmus, Walt ? Loaves scmi-amplexieaul, pinnatifid, 



acutely subdivided, very spinose, lanuginous beneath ; heads with a 



verticil of pectinatcly spinose bracts at base ; leaflets of the involucre 



linear-lanceolate, very acute, scarcely spinose. Beck, But, p. 173. 



Cirsium horridulura. Mx. Am. 2. p % 90. 



Cnicus spinosissimus 1 IVUUL S/>. 3. p % 1G84. Ait. Kew, 4. p. 484. 



J Audi. Ency. p. 684. 



Cn. horridulus. Muhl. Catal. p. 70. Purah, Am. 2. p. 507. AWl. 



G*n. 2. />. 130. JBar*. PA*7. 2. //. 95. Ell? Sk. 2. /,. 272. Bigel 



Bost. p. 291. 7W. Comp. p. 281. Eat. Man. p. 100. Also, P*r ti 



Syn. 2. /,. 390. 



Most spinose C Aimers. Vulgo — Yellow Thistle. 



Root perennial, Purs'i, Ell. Beck, &c. biennial, Bigel. Torr. Stem erect, B 

 inches to 2 or 3 feet high, mostly simple* striate, lanuginous, fistular. Ideates hairy 

 ab >ve, lanuginous beneath, semi-amplexicaul, pinnatifid, the segments rather short 

 incised, and dentate, pointed with short rigid spines. Heads mostly solitary, ter- 

 minal, large (sometimes as large as in the preceding), embraced at base by a ver- 

 ticil of numerous lance-linear bracts about as long as the Involucre,— the bracts 

 sub-pinnatifid, or sinuate-dentate, pectrnately spinose, with the spines somewhat 

 in pairs; leaflets of the involucre linear-lanceolate, acuminate, not spinose, min- 

 utely ciliate on the margin. Florets yellow (pale purple, Ell.), an inch to an inch 

 and half long. Pappus about an inch long. 



Hub. Fields ; New London, Londongrove : rare. /T. July. Fr. August. 



Obs. This was observed in the above localities, by Dr. E. Michbnek, in 1823,— 

 but is still rare, in this County. 1 have received, from the Rev. M. A. Curtis, a 

 N. Carolina specimen, which has i\\e florets purple, as described by Mr. Elliott ; 

 and which may, possibly, be distinct,— though in its general appearance it agreei 

 pretty well with our plant. If ours be really identical with the C. spinosissimus* 

 of Europe, I should strongly suspect it to have been introduced. I am satisfied it 

 is not indigenous in this County. 



5. C. muticus, Nittt. Loaves sessile, pinnatifid, lanuginous beneath, 

 the segments lanceolate, acute, spinulose ; branches rather naked; in- 

 volucre sub-globose, the leaflets unarmed, viscid, arachnoid-villose. 

 Beck, Bot.p. 172. 



Also? C. glutinosus. Beck, Bot.p. 173. 

 Cirsium muticum, Mx. Am. 2. /;. 89. 



Cnicus muticus. Muhl. Catal. p. 70. Pursh, Am. 2. p. 506. Ell. 

 Sk. 2. p. 268. Ton\ Comp. p. 281. Floral. Cestr. p. 86. Eat. Man. 

 p. 100. 

 Cn. glutinosus? Bigel. Bost. p. 291. 



MUTIC, OR AWNLE8S CaRDUUS. 



Root biennial (perennial, Muhl.). Stemd to 5 or 6 feet high, erect, rather slender 

 angular-sulcate and striate, more or less pubescent, paniculately branched, 

 branches slender, virgate, rather few-leaved. Leaves roughish-pubescent above, 

 lanuginous beneath. Heads solitary, terminal, sub-globose, half an inch to an 

 inch in diameter, leaflets of the involucre ovate-lanceolate, acute, not spinose, 

 closely appressed, viscid, and connected by a hoary cobweb-like villus, which 

 gives the involucre a chequered appearance. Florets purple. Pajtpus mostly 

 plumose, often partly pilose and scabrous. 



Hob. Low grounds ; swamps, and thickets : frequent. Fl. Aujsrust. F\\ SepU 

 Obs. 1 have very little doubt this is the Cn. glutinosus, of Bigelow. 



