442 



SYNGENESIA [Cichoiiace* 



ating in a long continuous beak ; areola lateral. Pappus of several 

 series, plumose. Receptacle naked. 



1. T. roRRiFOLius, L. Leaves lance-linear, entire, erect ; pedun* 

 cies thickened upwards ; involucre longer than the florets. Willd 

 Sp. 3. p. 1493. 



Leek-leaved Tkagopogon. Vulgo — Oyster-plant. Salsify. 

 Gall. — Salsifls. Germ. — Der Bochhart. Hisp. — liarba cabruna, 



Plant smooth and somewhat glaucous. Root biennial, Jlcshy andfusifonn. Stem 

 Stoo/tet high, somewhat dichotomously branching. Leaves 3 to 9 or 12 inch i a 

 long, ami I third of an huh to an inch wide, Uuicclincar, ovatcly dilated at base 

 and tapering to a long narrow acumination, sessile and scmi-amplcxicaul. Heads 

 terminal, on enlarged clavate peduncles ; leaflets of the Involucre in a nearly 

 simple scries, lanceolate, acute, longer than the florets. Florets violet-purple, with 

 a fuscous tinge. Akenes lance-oblong, about half an inch in length, striutc-sut. 

 ade, scabrous, tapering to a smooth slender beak about an inch long, which supports 

 the pappus, and renders it apparently stipitatc. Pfcppu s plumose, pubescent at base, 

 with about 5 of the linear palca, or rays, longer than the rest, and naked at apex. ' 

 Hab. Gardens: frequent. Fl. June. Fr. July. 



Obs. Cultivated for the root,— which, when properly cooked, has something of 

 the flavor of oysters— whence a common name of the plant. There are 710 native 

 species in the U. States. 



Sub-Tribe 6. Lactucejb. Papjnis hair-like, mostly unequal, silvery, very soft 

 fugacious, never plumose ; the hairs exactly linear, not flatted and I roader at bast' 

 Receptacle mostly without bracts. 



3G3;-x~AxrnrcA. BT \flV^ <&». t »». 



[Latin, Lac, milk ; on account of the milky juice of the plant] 

 Heads few-flowered. Involucre cylindric ; with the leaflets erect, im- 

 bricated, the exterior ones broader. Akenes compressed, with a long 

 filiform beak. Pappus in several series. Receptacle flat, naked. 



1. L. sativa, L. Stem corymbose ; leaves suborbicular, the cuuline 

 ones cordate. Willd. Sp. 3. p. 1523. 



Cultivated Lactuca. Vulgo— Garden Lettuce. Salad. 

 Gallic^— La Laitue. Germanicd— Der Salat. Hisp,— Lechuga. 



Plant smooth, yellowish-grecn and glaucous. Root annual. Stem 2 tot feet 

 high, &-iate, corymboscly branched above, branhes clothed with small leaves 

 Leaves oval, or suborbicutar, somewhat ciliate, the radical ones icavy, the cauline 

 ones cordate i at base ami ampl exit aul. Heads numerous, terminal, small, nearly 

 cylitidnc ; leaflets of the Involucre lanceolate, the outer or lower ones ovate. Flo- 

 rets yellow. Akenes compressed, lance-obovate, striat cribbed ; beak filiform, 

 about twice as long as the akene, supporting the jxipjnis at summit. 

 Hab. Gardens : common. Fl. July. Fr. August. 



Obs. Very generally cultivated for its young radical leaves,-^iVA are used as 

 a 8o,ad. There are apparently several varietic8,-«pecio% one with the leaves 

 densely imbricated, called Head-Saiad-var. capitata, Willd. 1. c 



2. L elonoata, Muhl. Lower leaves runcinate, amplexicaul, upper 

 ones lanceolate, sessile ; heads of flowers racemose-paniculate. Beck, 



