•S S 5 S cioxide.b] SYNGENESIA 481 



Root perennial ? (biennial, Bart. Am). Stem 18 inches to 3 or 4 feet high, stri- 

 ate rough and hirsute, often simple. Leaves 2 to 3 or 4 inches long, and 3 fourth* 

 of an inch to near 2 inches wide, alternate, ovate-lanceolate, acute, more or less 

 serrate, narrowed at base, sessile, very hairy, the lower cauline ones spatulate- 

 lanceoiate, the radical ones on long hirsute petioles. Heads of flowers middle- 

 sized terminal on long stoutish naked striate-sulcate peduncles (single and termi- 

 nating the stem, in unbranched specimens) ; involucre foliaceous, the leaflets 

 linear-lanceolate, pilose-ciliate, outer ones longest; rays yellow, obliquely bifid 

 at apex, hairy beneath ; disk dark purple, conical. Akenes oblong, 4-angled, 

 dark purplish-brown; pappus a minute margin. Receptacle conical, chaffy, the 

 chaff sublinear, rather acute, the summit dark purple, hairy and ciliate. 

 flab. Fence-rows, and thickets : not very common. Fl. July— Aug. JFV. Sept. 



Obs. This has considerable resemblance to the preceding; but is usually a 

 stouter, rougher plant, the heads larger, and with a more prominent conical disk. 



3. R. iaciniata, L. Stem smooth ; lower leaves pseudo-pinnate, 

 segments lanceolate, incised-serratc, the terminal one trifid, upper leaves 

 lance-ovate, mostly entire ; pappus crenate. Beck, Bot. p. 205. Icon, 

 Bart. Am. 1. tad. 16. 

 Laciniate Rudbeckia. 



Root perennial. Stem 4 to 6 or 8 feet high, striate, smooth, branching. Radical 

 and lower leaves petiolate, large (4 to 8 or 10 inches long), pseudo-pinnate, with 

 about 5 segments, segments oval-lanceolate, acuminate, more orjess incised-ser- 

 rate, often laciniate, the terminal one trifid ; stem-leaves often deeply 3-parted, 

 the uppermost or branch-leaves lance-ovate, entire, subsessile,— all somewhat 

 hairy, scabrous on the upper surface and along the margin. Heads of flowers? 

 rather large, terminal on the corymbose-paniculate branches; involucre folia- 

 ceous, the leaflets ovate-lanceolate, small, somewhat pilose and ciliate ; rays 

 yellow, 1 to 2 inches long, lance-oblong, and obovate-lanceolate, drooping, 2 or 3 

 toothed at apex, minutely pubescent beneath ; disk greenish-yellow, conical* 

 Akenes 4-angled, brownish ; pappus a crenate-dentate margin. Receptacle conical, 

 chaffy, the chaff cuneate-oblong. concave and keeled, obtuse, tomentose at summit. 



Hob. Moist low grounds, and thickets : frequent. Fl. July— Aug. Fr. Sept— Octo. 



Obs. Some 10 or 12 additional species are enumerated in the U. States. 



§ 4. Coreopside-e. Heads hcterogamous, with neutral florets in a single serie» 

 in the circumference ; akenes without coating, or beak, sometimes with a pappus 

 awn-like, or chaffy, but not crown-form. 



385. ACTINOMEKTS. JVW. Ccn. CB8. 

 [Greek, Aktin, a ray, and merit) a part ; the heads being imperfectly rayed.} 



Involucre spreading, or reflexed, the leaflets somewhat in a single 

 series, foliaceous. Rays few, distant, elongated. Akenes compressed, 

 4-angled, 2-winged, with 2 smoothish persistent a-wns at summit Re- 

 ceptacle small, with chaffy bracts embracing the margin of the akenes. 



1. A. sauATinosA, Nutt. Stem winged, corymbose-paniculate ; 



leaves lanceolate, acuminate at each end, serrate, roughish-pubescent ; 



disk subglobose, in fruit squarrose. Becky Bot. p. 206. 



A. alternifolia. Bart. Phil. 2. p. 132. 



Verbesina Coreopsis, Mx. Am. 2. p. 134. Pursh, Am. 2. p. 566, 



£indl % Ency % p. 728, 



41 



