MONOECIA POLYANDRIA 543 



436. JUGLAN3. L. Mat. Gen. 760. 

 [Latin, formed from Jovis Glans, the nut of Jupiter ; from its excellence.] 



8tamivate Fl. Amejits simple, cylindric, loosely imbricated ; scale* 

 5 or 6-parted, sometimes bracteate at base. Stamens subsessile, on a 

 glandular disk. Pistillate Fl. Perianth double, the outer one 

 ihort, 4-toothed, the inner one longer, 4-parted. Ovary inferior, ovoid ; 

 style very short; stigmas 2, large, sub-clavate, spreading, the upper 

 surface lacerate. Drupe globose, or oval, spongy, or coriaceous ; nut 

 rugose, and irregularly sulcate. 



Trcts: leaves alternate, odd-pinnate, without stipules; staminatc flowers in 

 limpleaments; pericarps not opening. Nat. Orel. ST. Lindl. Jvglaxdejb. 



1. J. nigra, L. Leaflets ovate-lanceolate, subcordate at base, the 



under surface and petioles slightly pubescent ; drupe globose, roughish- 



dotted, spongy ; nut subglobose, corrugated. Beck, Bot. p. 335. Icox, 



Mx.f. Sylva, 1. tab. 30. 



Also, J. nigra oblonga. Marsh. Arbust. p. 67. 



Black Jcglans. Vnlgd — Black Walnut. 



Stem 30 to 60 or 70 feet high, and 2 to 3 feet in diameter, with spreading crooked 

 branches, often forming a broad roundish and rather open top, clothed with a 

 dark-cobred furrowed bark. Leaflets ia 7 to 10 pairs, with a terminal odd one 

 which is often abortive, 2 to 3 or 4 inches long, and 3 fourths of an inch to near 

 2 inches wide, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, somewhat pubescent, subses- 

 aile,the base mostly unequal, and often slightly cordate ; common petioles 9 to J3 

 or IS inches long, more or less pubescent. Aments about 2 inches Ion?, with the 

 scales a little distant, pedicellate, sub-orbicular, perianth-like, cleft into 5 unequal 

 obtuse segments, and with an ovate bract at base. Pistillate Jlincers in small 

 terminal clusters of 2 to 4 on a short common peduncle ; perianth suj>erior, small, 

 double, the outer one (or calyx) with 4 short teeth, the inner one (or corolla) longer, 

 4-parted, the segments lanceolate: ovary inferior, ovoid, pubescent, sessile; style 

 very short; stigmas 2, large, dilated, diverging, the upper surface lacerately 

 fringed. Drupe an inch and half to 2 and a half inches in diameter, mostly globose, 

 sometimes ovoid, or inclining to oblong-ovoid, greenish-yellow when mature, and 

 more or less succulent and spongy ; nut an inch to an inch and half in diameter, 

 subglobose, coarsely rugose and furrowed; the nucleus, or kernel, 4-lobed, and 

 sulcate, or subdivided. 



Hob. Rich woodlands ; fence-rows, <fcc. frequent. Fl. May. Fr. Octo. 



Obs. The wood of this species is valuable, and much used by Cabinet-makers 

 &c. The spongy pericarp is often employed as a domestic dye-stuff; and the 

 nucleus, or kernel, although somewhat oily, is generally esteemed. The young 

 fruit, and the leaves, when bruised, emit a strong and not unpleasant resinous 

 odor. This tree, when prevalent, is a pretty sure indication of a fertile soil ; but 

 it exerts an unfriendly influence on many cultivated plants, if placed in its im- 

 mediate vicinity. There is a variety of this (var. oblonga, Muhl.) with the drupes 

 somewhat oval, or ovoid-oblong, rougher, harder, and greener (the coating being 

 thinner, and not becoming spongy and yellowish),— which is given by Marshall 

 as a distinct species. 



2. J. cinerea, L. Leaflets oblong-lanceolate, rounded at base, softly 

 pubescent beneath, with the petioles villose; drupe ovoid-oblong, cori- 

 aceous, hairy and viscid ; nut elliptic-oblong, acuminate, conspicuously 

 sculptured. Beck, Bot. p. 335. 



