572 DIOECIA MONADELPHIA 



Obs. This shrub is partially naturalized, in several localities ; but is evidently 

 I think, an introduced plant, in this County. It is not unfrequent in gardens,— 

 where it wa$> formerly cultivated for the berries, which are medicinal, and were 

 also used in the distillation of the liquor called Uin y or Geneva. It is no^ gener- 

 ally neglected. 



2. J. Ti no ini ana, L. Leaves, on the young branches, ovate, imbri- 

 cated in 4 rows, shorter than the fruit — on the older branches, subu- 

 late, cuspidate, and somewhat spreading. Becky Hot. Jt. 337. Ico.f, 

 Mx. f. Sylva, 3. tab. 155. 



Virginian Junipkrus. Yulgd — Cedar. Red Cedar. 



Stem "20 to 30 or 40 feet high, and 9 to 15 or 18 inches in diameter at base, taper- 

 ing, sending off numerous horieontal or spreading branches. Leaves small— thos« 

 •n the young branches scarcely a line in length, ovate, acute, opposite and decus- 

 sate, crowded, appressed and imbricated, covering the branches and making them 

 4-angled;— those on the older branches 3 lo 5 or 6 lines long, subulate, cuspidate 

 and somewhat spreading. Staminate flowers in terminal oblong lawny-ferruginous 

 mmenta 2 or 3 lines in length, with peltate scales covering the anthers. iJcrric* 

 roundish-ovoid, tuberculate with the points of the fleshy connate scales of ih§ 

 ameni, or involucre, dark blue when mature, and covered with a bright Mulsh- 

 glaucous powder , 



Bob. Fence-rows; neglected fields, kc. frequent. Fl. April. Fr. October. 



Obs. There seems to be a low shrubby variety of this, somewhat resembling 

 tka Juniper-bush,— -with the leaves all acerosc, spreading, and often of a purplish 

 aits. The wood of the red Cedar is exceedingly durable, and much esteemed for 

 making posts, kc. The plant is said to be pernicious, and even fatal to young 

 Thorn hedges, if permitted to grow in their immediate vicinity. One or two addi- 

 tional species (or perhaps only varieties) arc enumerated in the U. States. 



458. TAXUS. L. Wutt. Gen. 807. 

 [The Latin name of the Yew-tree ; supposed from the Greek, Toxon, a bow.] 



Staminate Fl. bursting from several opposite imbricated connate 

 bud-scales, — the staminiferous column exsertcd, capitate at summit ; 

 anthers peltate, 6 or 8-celled; cells opening beneath. Pistillate Fl. 

 •olitary, with imbricated scales at base. Fruit drupe-like, perforated 

 at summit, — or the nut imbedded in a succulent cup. 



Trees, or shrubs : leaves sempervirent, linear, alternate, and mostly distichous; 

 flower-buds axillary, solitary; fruit an imperfect drupe, or succulent cup em- 

 bracing the nut. Nat. Ord. 228. Lindl. Cowifbrjb. 



1. T. canadensis, Marsh. Leaves linear, mucronatc, revolute on 



the margin, distichous ; receptacle of the staminate flowers sub-globose. 



Bech y Bot.p. 341. 



T. baccata, var. minor. Mx. Am. 2. p. 245. 



Canadian Taxus. Vulgd — Yew. 



Stem 2 to 4 feet high, with numerous spreading branches. Leaves half an inch 

 k> three quarters in length, and scarcely a line wide, linear, acute, smooth and 

 •tuning green, keeled, the margin recurved or revolute, entire, subscssile, or nar- 

 rowed at base to a very short petiole, numerous and scattered, but distichously 

 arranged along the branches, after the manner of Pinus canadensis. Staminate 

 *wers from axillary solitary bads with yellow agglutinated or connate scales,- 



