PLATE VI.— CROWN IMPERIAL and MARTAGON LILY. 



(Figs. 3 and 4 after Dodel-Port.) 



Flower — cont d - 



Fig. 1. Gyncecium of Crown Imperial. 

 Ovary is elongated. 

 Style with three grooves. 

 Stigmas, three, distinct. 



Fig. 2. Gyncecium of Martagon Lily. 

 Ovary with six grooves. 

 Style, smooth. 

 Stigma, indistinctly lobed, three narrow clefts marking off lobes. 



Fig. 3. Transverse section about the middle of Ovary, and Longitudinal section through its lower portion. 

 Three Carpels evidently united together, forming a three-chambered Ovary. 

 Ovules in two vertical rows in each chamber of ovary. 



Placentation is axile, because the ovules arise from a central axis which is attached to walls of ovary. 

 Fig. 4. Longitudinal section of Stigma with pollen, showing two stigmatic lobes — highly magnified. 



The Stigmatic surface is seen to consist of an epidermis, the cells of which have either grown out into papilla: 

 or hairs. Such a surface evidently entangles pollen-grains falling upon it, and the secretion of the stigma not only 

 retains the pollen, owing to its viscid nature, but supplies nourishment for the growth of the pollen-tube. 



The Pollen-tube is seen to grow down the canal of the style, the walls of which are furrowed, so as to guide 

 the pollen-tube to the ovules. 



In order to see Pollen-tubes distinctly, take a drop of the secretion from the stigma on a slide, by simply 

 bringing it into contact with the moist stigma, then apply this to the tip of the mature anther, and a few pollen- 

 grains will stick. In a short time (about half-an-hour) the pollen-grains will begin to put forth their tubes, if the 

 secretion is kept moist, and the tubes with their contents appear beautifully transparent. 



Fig. 5. Embed Style of Crown Imperial in paraffin, and make longitudinal section to show pollen-tubes passing down to fertilise 

 the ovules. 



The Style consists of loose tissue, through which the pollen-tubes make their way. The secretion of the stigma 

 will give the pollen-tube a start, then it passes down the centre of the style, where the cells arc largest and loosest, 

 and thus follows the line where the ovules are attached. 



The growth of the pollen-tube is thus seen to be different in the two cases. In the Lily, the pollen-tube 

 depends entirely on its own resources and the secretion of the stigma, whereas in the Crown Imperial, it bores into 

 the tissue of the style, just like the hypha of a fungus, absorbing it, and dying off in its hinder parts as it 

 proceeds. 



Fruit and Seed — 



Fig. 6. Fruit of Lily consisting of a Capsule, which splits lengthways along the middle of each carpel to allow the seed to 



escape. 



Figs. 7 and 8#. The Seeds are flattened out and lie one above another in two rows in each chamber. 



There is a margin to each, and the Embryo is seen embedded in the endosperm. 



Figs. So and 9. Take the flattened seed between finger and thumb and cut it in two, parallel with its flattened surface. 

 Embryo occupies the axis of the seed, and is slightly curved. 



CLASSIFICATION. 



Class. — Monocotyledon. 

 Oder. — Liliaceae. 



Perianth, inferior, petaloid, usually in two whorls of three leaves each 



Stamens, in two whorls of three each. 



Gyncecium, superior, of three united carpels. 



Ovules, numerous, and Placentation axile. 



Fruit, a capsule usually. 



Seeds, with endosperm. 

 Genera. — Fritillaria, flowers surmounted by a crown of leaves. 

 Lilium. 



