Separation of Three Liquids by Fractional Distillation. 29 



Final Fractionations. 



The fractions into which the esters had been separated at 

 the end of the 26th preliminary fractionation are given 

 below : — 



Methyl and Ethyl Acetates. 



Ethyl and Propyl Acetates. 



Frac- 

 tion. 



Temperature 

 range. 



Weight. 



Frac- 

 tion. 



Temperature 

 range. 



Weight. 



A ... 



O 



571 



105-5 



Q ... 



o 



77-15 



32-3 



B ... 



below 57-15 



11-6 



E ... 



above 77'15 



19-7 



C ... 



„ 5755 



10-1 



S 



„ 77-2 



16-8 



D ... 



„ 58 55 



100 



T 



„ 773 



9-7 



E ... 



„ 68-9 



11-9 



U ... 



„ 77-65 



10-2 



5 ... 



68-9-75-7 



7-1 



V ... 



„ 79-6 



15-8 



6 ... 



75-7-76-9 



10-4 



w ... 



„ 997 



8-1 



7 ... 



76-9-771 



154 



X ... 



„ 101-15 



7-8 



8 ... 



77-1-7715 



16-4 



Y .. 



„ 101-45 



8-1 



9 ... 



77-15 



19-2 



Z ... 



„ 101-55 



132-6 



10 ... 



77-15 



121 





• 





229-7 



261-1 



The total weight was 490*8, so that 86 grams had been lost 

 by evaporation and through adherence to the flasks and to the 

 funnel through which the liquid was poured into the still. 



The final separation of the esters was carried out in the 

 following manner : — 



Ethyl Acetate (1). — The fractions 5 to 10 consisted of ethyl 

 acetate with some methyl acetate. The final fractionations 

 in this case were a continuation of the preliminary ones and 

 were carried out in the same manner. No. 10 was almost if 

 not quite pure ethyl acetate, and was only distilled once more; 

 the first portion was collected in No. 9, and the residue was 

 taken as pure. In the remaining six fractionations the resi- 

 due, after the distillation of No. 9, was each time taken as 

 pure, and the total amount of ethyl acetate thus obtained was 

 56*1 grams. 



Ethyl Acetate (2). — The flasks Q to U contained ethyl 

 acetate with some propyl acetate. In the six fractionations, 

 which were carried out in the usual way, the first portion of 

 the distillate from Q was each time taken as pure, the small 

 residue in the still being rejected. The weight of pure ethyl 

 acetate obtained from this series was 62 # 7, and the total 

 weight was therefore 118*8 grams, or about 53 per cent, of 

 that originally taken. 



Methyl Acetate. — The flasks A to E contained methyl acetate 

 with some ethyl acetate. Although special care had been 

 taken to prevent absorption of moisture, it was found that a 



