162 



Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles. 

 Table II. 



Hydrochloric acid 



100 



68 



23 

 4-3 

 0-35 

 0-0057 

 0-0026 

 000094 

 000091 



Trichloracetic acid 



Dichloracetic acid 



Moriochloracetic acid 



Acetic acid 



.Biboric acid 



Hydrocyanic acid 



Carbolic acid 



Carbonic acid 





The numbers attached to each acid cannot of course be 

 considerd final. As regards carbolic and carbonic acid, 

 for example, it is impossible to say which of the two is the 

 stronger, all that we may safely infer is, that they are about 

 equally strong. 



From the above table it also follows that hydrochloric acid 

 is about one hundred thousand times stronger than carbolic 

 acid in tenth-normal solution ; or, what amounts to the same 

 thing, the electrolytic dissociation ratio is one hundred 

 thousand times greater in the former case than in the latter. 



In other tables of the avidities of acids the values for the 

 weakest acids are usually represented by blanks, but the 

 method which has just been described enables us to arrange 

 them in proper order and to assign definite values to them. 



This seems all the more necessary as a great deal of mis- 

 conception still prevails as to the relative strengths of the 

 acids and the conditions under which a comparison is 

 possible. 



University College, London. 



XII. Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles. 



ON THE FREEZING-POINTS OF SODIUM-CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS. 

 BY S. U. PICKERING, F.R.S. 



TN a recent communication to the Phil. Mag. (xxxvi. p. 484) 

 ■*■ Mr. Harry Jones has made sundry very incorrect statements 

 as regards a controversy respecting the regularity or otherwise of 

 the freezing-points of weak sodium-chloride solutions. I should 

 not have troubled to correct them had Mr. Jones inserted auy 

 reference to the communication which has apparently closed this 

 controversy (Ber. d. deutsch. chem. Gesell. xxvi. p. 1977), and which 

 must have been in his hands before he corrected the proofs of his 

 paper for this Journal. 



In the Bericlite (xxv. p. 1314) I published a series of determina- 

 tions with this salt which I considered indicated the presence of 



