346 



Prof. J. J. Thomson on the 



A small amount of H 2 S0 4 is thus sufficient to reverse the 

 effect. Strong solutions are very nearly neutral. 



Acetic Acid. 



Strength of 

 Solution. 



Deflexion. 



Water 190 + 



•2 c. c. of acid in 10 4 1 

 of water J 



•8 „ „ „ „ 60 + 



140+ 



6-4 



12-8 

 25-6 

 500 



35+ 



5- 



10- 



15- 



Strength of 

 Solution. 



Deflexion. 



*2 c. c. of acid watered ") 



up to 100 c. c. 



■J 



1-6 

 3-2 

 6-4 



12-8 



20- 



35- 



45- 

 55- 

 25- 

 30+ 

 100+ 



In this case the electric effect for moderately dilute solu- 

 tions is opposite to that of water, while strong solutions give 

 an effect of the same kind as water. 



Phenol. 



The phenol used was described as " granulated phenol." 

 The solution called the standard solution below is made by 

 taking *2 cubic centim. of a saturated solution at 1 5° C. and 

 mixing with it 100 cubic centim. of water. 



Strength of Deflexion 

 Solution. -uenexion. 





Strength of 









Solution. 







Water 140+ 



•2 c 



c. of saturated solu- "1 OKA . 



•2 c. c. of standard solu- 1 18n . 

 tion in 100 c. c. of H 2 f 18U+ 



tion watered to 100 c 



cj^ u_t " 



•4 



jj >> 



5> 



„ 520+ 



'8 ,, „ „ „ 170+ 



•8 



>j ii 



5> 



„ 730+ 



3-2 „ „ „ „ 210+ 



1-6 



>j >» 



55 



„ 850+ 



50-0 „ „ „ „ 190+ 



3-2 



55 )> 



55 



„ 920+ 





6-4 



55 55 



55 



„ 870+ 





12-8 



55 :t 



55 



„ 270+ 





25-0 



55 55 



5> 



„ 5- 





50-0 



55 55 



55 



„ 25- 



The effects produced by a small quantity of phenol are very 

 striking, increasing the deflexion nearly sevenfold. On the 

 other hand, a strong solution is nearly neutral. 



Hydriodic Acid. 

 The standard solution contained '2 cubic centim. of HI in 

 100 cubic centim. of water. 



Strength of Solution. Deflexion. 



Water 275+ 



•2 c. c. of standard solution in 100 c. c. of water 280+ 



•4 

 •8 

 1-6 

 3-2 

 6-4 

 ,2-8 



•2 c. c. of acid watered up to 100 c. c. 

 * »» »* >j i> 



180+ 

 50+ 

 30+ 







3- 

 10- 

 10- 

 10- 



