Dissociation Degree of some Electrolytes at 0°. 117 



magnetizing coil about the sample for that current, and by 

 direct proportion between horizontal displacement in cali- 

 bration, and the horizontal displacement of any point on the 

 curve, we obtain in Absolute Units the magnetic force corre- 

 sponding to any point on the curve. Having thus calibrated 

 the curves of either continuous or alternating current mag- 

 netic cycles in Absolute Units, the energy losses, fl<iH, may be 

 obtained by taking the area of the curves in the usual way. 



Although this description has only been concerned with 

 the curve-tracer as a means of measuring the magnetic quality 

 of, and the energy losses in iron and other metals, when 

 carried through magnetic cycles, it plainly lends itself to such 

 operations as direct tracing of alternating-current and elec- 

 tromotive-force curves, the investigation of the nature and 

 amount of iron losses in alternating-current transformers, the 

 measurement of the power in any electrical circuit, &c. 



XIV. On the Dissociation Degree of some Electrolytes at 0°. 

 By R.W. Wood*. 



THE values obtained by the lowering of the freezing-point 

 for the dissociation-degree of dissolved electrolytes are 

 always a little smaller than those calculated from the electrical 

 conductivity. 



Meyer Wildermann f has recently lessened the difference 

 by the use of a more accurate method for the freezing-point 

 determinations, and has expressed the opinion that the cause 

 of the discrepancies lay in the fact that the electrical con- 

 ductivities have been determined at a higher temperature 

 (l8°-25°). 



At Prof. Jahn's suggestion, I have determined the conduc- 

 tivity of certain Salts and Acids in solutions of varying 

 concentration at 0°, for the purpose of reckoning the Dis- 

 sociation-degree at this temperature, and the results indicate 

 that, in dilute solutions, the dissociation-degree is practically 

 independent of the temperature. 



The determinations were made according to the Kohlrausch 

 method, and the conductivity of the distilled water used in 

 the experiments was determined at different temperatures 

 and taken into account. 



The value expressing the conductivity of infinitely dilute 



* Translated from the Zeitschrift fur phys. Chemie, xviii. p. 3 (1895). 

 Communicated by the Author, 

 t Phil. Mag. July 1895. 



