346 



Dr. G. Gore on Chemical 



Doubling the amount of the halogen caused each of the 

 two mixtures to assume the same chemical and molecular 

 composition immediately on mixing. It appears from a 

 comparison of these results and those of Table I. with those of 

 Table II., that the condition of chemical and molecular equi- 

 librium depends upon the proportion of free halogen to that 

 of the salts. If the proportion of the halogen to the total of 

 the salt was 1 eqt. to 1 eqt. as in Table I., or 2 eqts. to 

 2 eqts. as in Table V., each mixture at once suffered a 

 change and attained a fixed state ; but if it was 1 eqt. of 

 halogen to 2 eqts. of the salt, as in Table II., each mixture 

 was in a condition of instability, and was prevented from 

 assuming at once the fixed state, but it was not prevented from 

 undergoing a gradual change at atmospheric temperature 

 (see Table III.) ; the additional proportion of salt therefore 

 only hindered the change. 



The degree of solubility of iodine in water was too small to 

 enable a double proportion of it to be used. 



Table YI. — Influence of Halving the 



Amount of the Salts. 



Mixture. E.M.F. 



Calculated 

 E.M.F. 



Change of Per 

 E.M.R cent. 



I+-5(KCl4-KBr). T41014 



1-3203 



Gain -0898 = 68 



The proportion of gain of mean amount of electromotive 

 force is somewhat less than in the comparison case in 

 Table II., as if diminishing the proportion of salt to halogen 

 increased the amount of chemical and molecular change and 

 assisted the mixture to attain a fixed state, similar to the 

 effect of doubling the amount of the halogen, as shown in 

 Table Y. 



Table YII. — Influence 



of Two 



Halogens 



+ a Salt. 





Ingredients. E.M.F. 



Mixtures. 



E.M.F. 



Calculated 

 E.M.F. 



Change of 

 E.M.F. 



Per 



cent. 



Cl+Br. 1-8992 

 Cl+L 1-7133 

 Br+I. 1-69338 



(Cl+Br)+KI. 

 (Cl+I)+KBr. 

 (Br+I)+KCl. 



1-63036 

 1-62178 



1-4556 

 1-4775 

 1-5615 



Gain -17476 = 

 „ -14428 

 „ "06028 



12 00 

 976 

 3-80 



The amounts of electromotive force obtained by means of 

 experiment in the three instances are so nearly alike that 

 they may be regarded as identical. On comparing the results 



