Vol. 67.] DURING THE CRETACEOUS AND EOCENE PERIODS. 



127 



practically identical with the series recorded from the ashen-grey 

 paper-shales of the larger Oases, and described in the valuable works 

 of Wanner and Quaas. 1 



dant. 



List of Danian Species from Kilabia. 



Avellana cretacea Quaas. 

 Volutolithes desertorum Quaas. 

 Volutolithes sp. 



Fasciolaria ( Odontofusus) rohlfsi. 

 Alaria schweinfurthi Quaas. Very 



common. 

 Alaria sp. 



Nautilus desertorum Zitt. 

 Baculites sp. 

 Odontaspis sp. 



Caryosmilia granosa Wann. I ^un 

 Palcsopsammia multiformis > 

 Wann. J 



Cyphosomoid form. Minute. 

 Pentacrinus sp. 

 Terehratida cf. libyca. 

 Terebratul ina chrysalis Schloth. 

 Leda leia Wann. Very common. 

 Nucula sp. Very common. 

 Scalaria desertorum Wann. 

 Ceritliium abietiforme Wann. 



This fauna is almost absolutely identical with that of the ashen-grey clays 

 of the Southern Oases : on the other hand, there are certain differences when 

 it is compared with the Luxor series. The comparison shows a difference as 

 regards the corals, Caryosmilia granosa and Palcsopsammia multiformis being 

 both unrecorded at Luxor, where Palceopsammia zitteli Wann. and Pattalo- 

 phyllia cegyptiaca (Wann.) take their place ; the absence of Alaria schwein- 

 furthi, one of the commonest of the Kilabia forms, is also a noticeable feature, 

 while the most prominent member of the upper shales present at Luxor, the 

 Aturia now named prceziczac by Oppenheim, was sought for in vain in the 

 district east of Esna. It is at present premature to say whether these 

 differences are local, but the Aturia certainly seems to be restricted to the 

 upper portion of the Esna Shales. 



5. Pecten Limestones. — A second band of marly limestone underlying 



these ashen-grey shales is characterized by the abundance of Pecten 

 mayer-eymari Newt. (P.farafrensis Zitt.) and presumably is equivalent 

 to the Pecten Marls above-mentioned. 



6. Shales similar to those of No. 4 underlie the marls, but were not well 



exposed where examined. 



7. Cephalopod Bed. — There is evidence of the existence of this bed 



beneath the shales, as several species of Scaphites allied to Sc. kam- 

 bysis Zitt. were found on a plateau south of the escarpment in which 

 Beds 1 to 6 are best developed. This stratum probably is closely 

 associated with 



8. The Oyster-Bed and Phosphatic Series, which are practically 



the most prominent members in the lower country between Sharawna 

 and Mahamid — the oysters having given rise to a very hard limestone, 

 which has determined the well-marked plateau succeeding the con- 

 spicuous white hill-ranges wherein the limestones and shales are 

 displayed. The oysters are typically Campanian, including as prin- 

 cipal members Ostrea forgemolli Coq. and 0. villei. Closely associated 

 -with the oyster-layers, and generally underlying them in the typical 

 sections, is a phosphatic layer containing abundant fish-teeth, among 

 which those of Otodus biauriculatus Zitt. are conspicuous. 



1 The succession obtained during my studies is here given in view of the 

 discovery of this fauna, otherwise the results of my expedition agree very 

 closelv with those of Mr. Beadnell. The chief point on which we differ is 

 where he regards the Esna Shales as passage-beds, his view being based on 

 observations made in Farafra Oasis, a locality which I have not had an oppor- 

 tunity of studying. In his paper he does not state whether he obtained the 

 typical small gasteropod. fauna in the shales recorded above the Operculina 

 Beds. 



