Vol. 67.] THE SALOPIAN OF CATJTLEY AND RAVENSTONEDALE. 215 



0. The Zonal Classifj cation of the Salopian Hocks of Cautley 

 and Ravenstonedale. By Miss G. 11. Watney and Miss E. Gr. 

 Welch. (Communicated by Dr. J. E. Make, F.U.S., V.P.G.S. 

 Read January 11th, 1911.) 



[Plate XII — Geological Map.] 



Contents. 



Page 



I. Introduction and Literature 215 



II. The Wenlock Beds of (a) The River Rawthey Area ... 217 



(/>) Wandale Hill 



->■> 



_■> 



[c) Harter Fell 227 



III. The Ludlow Beds of (a) Wandale Hill 229 



(b) Ravenstonedale Common ... 230 



IV. Correlation 231 



V. Paleontology 234 



I. Introduction and Literature. 



We were induced by Dr. Marr to undertake the examination of 

 the Salopian rocks of the area under consideration. He had failed 

 in former years to obtain any zonal succession of the rocks of 

 Wenlock age in the Lake District, owing to the cleaved nature 

 of the rocks of that age above the lowest beds containing Cyrto- 

 graptus murchisoni. An examination of the less cleaved repre- 

 sentatives of the Wenlock Beds near Cautley had convinced him 

 that a succession might be established there, similar to that described 

 in Scania by Tullberg, and in Wales and tho Welsh borderland by 

 Mrs. Shakespear and Miss Elles. 



Our study of the Wenlock and Ludlow rocks of the Cautley and 

 Ravenstonedale area has convinced us that these beds are capable 

 •of a division into zones, although some of the zones recognized 

 farther south apparently do not persist when traced northwards 

 to this district. 



The Cautley and Ravenstonedale area is situated north of 

 Sedbergh ; its northern and eastern limits arc defined by Carboni- 

 ferous rocks, but on the west it is continuous with the Salopian 

 of the Lake District. 



The physiography of the district and the features due to ice- 

 action have recently been described by Dr. Marr & Mr. Fearnsides 1 : 

 it will suffice, therefore, to mention here that the area is a very 

 hilly one, the fells often rising steeply from the 600- to the 

 1750-foot contour-line. Xorth-west of the Rawthey the hilltops 

 are everywhere formed of hard grits of Ludlow age, while on the 

 south-east intrusive igneous rocks occupy the highest ground. 



Q. J. G. S. vol. hv (1909) pp. 587 ei seqq. 



