396 MR. F* G. COLLINS ON THE CULM [Aug. 1 9 



IV. List of Fossils and Localities (see Map, PI. XXXII). 



It will be seen from the foregoing pages that fossil records are 

 not numerous. This is the less remarkable when we remember 

 that what Mr. Ussher terms the ' Exeter type ' of Calm rock is 

 unsuitable for building or road-metalling, and that consequently 

 quarries are few and far between. In the absence of both quarries 

 and coast-sections, the fossil-hunter has to rely, as we soon found, 

 upon hedge- and stream-sections and the surfaces of ploughed fields. 

 But, while perfect specimens are indeed rare, fossils are abundant 

 in many localities, and frequently have their characteristic ornament 

 beautifully preserved. The plants, however, are so fragmentary 

 that, as Mr. Arber states, it is often difficult or impossible to 

 determine species. 



It was decided to begin the search on the south-west and north- 

 east line running through the city of Exeter, along which the Culm 

 rocks disappear beneath the New Red Series. Subsequently, the 

 work was extended at each end of the line : on the south-west to 

 the confines of Dartmoor, and on the north-east to include the 

 Culm inlier of Spray Down — making a total distance of about 

 17 miles. As the strike is generally east and west, it was hoped 

 that we should be working in successive horizons, although, in 

 consequence of the manifold contortions of the beds, this was by no 

 means certain. 



Mention will also be made in the notes of Waddon Barton. 

 That place is not properly included in this paper, but belongs to 

 the one to follow, wherein I hope to work along a line from north 

 to south. 



I have been fortunate in securing the kind assistance of Mr. E. 

 A. Newell Arber, who has named the plant-remains, and of Mr. G. 

 C. Crick, who has named the cephalopoda and whose notes are 

 appended to this paper. The laniellibranchiata and gasteropoda 

 have not yet been named. 



Besides determining the series of fossils obtained by me, Mr. Crick 

 has carefully examined the material in the Vicary Collection in 

 the British Museum, and also the few fossils from these beds pre- 

 served in the Exeter Museum, and thus has allowed me to incorpo- 

 rate in this short communication everything that is at present 

 available for study. 



The localities are numbered on the accompanying Map (PI. 

 XXXII) from south-west to north-east. 



(1) Canonteign. (Eoad-cutting.) 



Small brachiopoda. 



Poddonomya becheri Bronn (one 



specimen showing the wrinkled 



periostracuin). 



Ghjphioceras sp. 



Phillipsia Clifford 'i H. Woodward. 



