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Some beds, such as the 'chinastone- 

 limestones,' are unfossiliferous, or 

 yield only Spirorbis-like annelids. 



Beds with many fragments of a Mitchel- 

 deaniaAike alga (South - Western 

 Gower). 



Beds with fragments of contempor- 

 aneous sediments. 

 Presence of 'pisolites' (Gower, etc.). 

 Presence of pure oolites. 



Calcite-mudstones, chiefly homogeneous 

 ('chinastone-limestones '). 



Limestones with the structure of land- 

 scape-marble (' Avon,' pp. 91-93 ; Sod- 

 bury 5 ). 



Always present, so far as known ; con- 

 sisting of: — 



(1) intercalated limtstones with 

 abundant corals and brachiopods 

 (often of few species), — abundant. 



(2) grit-bands (Sodbury 5 ). 



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Almost all the beds are unfossiliferous or 

 yield 4 only:— lamellibranchs, e. g. Sangui- 

 nolites(l); Spirorbis-Y\ke annelids ; abun- 

 dant ostracods, e. g. Oytherella ; Mitchel- 

 deania or similar algae (Forest of Dean ; 

 North-Western Gower, etc.). 



Some beds show a brecciation in which the 

 fragments are but slightly separated 6 

 (Gower, etc.). 



Beds with fragments of contemporaneous 

 sediments. 



Presence of pure oolites of very fine grain. 



Presence of ' pisolite ' (Eastern Gower). 



Abundant calcite-mudstones and dolomite- 

 mudstones : homogeneous (for instance, 

 'chinastone-limestones') to finely-lamin- 

 ated ; a little of the latter in North- Western 

 Gower crumpled as in landscape-marble. 



Very rare ; for example, a thin limestone- 

 parting with crinoids at Caswell Bay 

 (Eastern Gower). 



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Some beds yield little, except: — lamelli- 

 branchs, such as Modiola and Sanguino- 

 lites ; Spirorbis (!) ; abundant ostracods, 

 such as Cytherella. 1 



Some beds show a brecciation in which the 



fragments are but slightly separated fi 



('Avon,' p. 100). 

 Beds with fragments of contemporaneous 



sediments. 

 Presence of pure oolite of very fine grain 



(Pembrokeshire, etc.). 

 Packing of ostracod-valves within one 



another by long-continued drifting. 3 



Calcite-mudstones, slabby to nodular ('Avon,' 



pp. 100,103; etc.). 

 Limestones of a type. 

 Purple and green shales (Pembrokeshire). 



Always present, so far as known ; consisting of ; 



(1) intercalated limestones and sandstones 

 with an abundant brachiopod-and- 

 crinoid fauna, — frequent. 



(2) fine conglomerate (South- Western 

 Gower, etc.). 





1. Shallow- water 

 characters : 

 faunal 

 and floral. 



2. Shallow- water 

 characters : 

 lithological.' 2 



3. Deposits distinguishing 

 the Modiola phases 

 from other shallow- 

 water marine forma- 

 tions. 



4. Marine sediments of 

 standard types in- 

 cluded with'n the 

 Modiola phases. 







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