SURVEY OF CLASSIFICATIONS OF BACTERIA 37 



The Rickettsiales and Borrelomycetaceae are placed in a supplement as 

 their relationships are still obscure. Several authors would place them 

 near some of the organisms now placed in Pasteurella and Haemophilus. 

 The viruses {Virales) whose nature and relationships are still more ob- 

 scure are also placed in a supplemental group. 



Although this outline maintains the simplicitj' that distinguished its 

 predecessors, and provides places for all tj^pes of microorganisms thus far 

 described that may properly be grouped under the fission fungi, it should 

 not be regarded in any sense as final. An attempt has been made to express 

 natural relationships, but these are so frequently obscure or unknown that 

 in many places utilitarian considerations have prevailed. In some places, 

 groups of known doubtful significance have been allowed to stand as they 

 are out of a desire not to make unnecessar}^ changes. It has appeared 

 desirable to be conservative in making changes in the outline as used 

 previously. 



Addenda: After the above was in page proof, it was discovered that 

 reference to the outline classification of Gieszczykiewicz (Bull. Adad. 

 Polonaise d. Sci. et d. Lettres, CI. Sci. Math, et Nat., S^r. B., 1939, 27 pp.) 

 had inadvertently been omitted. This outline has some features like the 

 outline that Lehmann and Neumann used in 1927 (see p. 17) and some 

 like the outline used in the 4th ed. of the Manual. 



The genus Bacterium is retained as in the Lehmann and Neumann out- 

 line for Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, peritrichous or polar flagellate 

 rods. Twelve sub-genera are recognized and these bear subgeneric scien- 

 tific names that are much the same as those used for genera in the 4th ed. 

 of the Manual. A new subgeneric name Enterohaderium (see Entero- 

 hader Rahn) is proposed to cover the genera Escherichia, Aerohader, 

 Klebsiella, Salmonella, Eherthella and Shigella. Loefflerella previously used 

 by Gay et al. (Agents of Disease and Heat Resistance, Indianapolis, 1935, 

 782) is here also used as a subgeneric name for the glanders bacillus; and 

 Chromobaderium is used for the organisms more properly placed in Serratia 

 Bizio. 



Corynebaderium is transferred from, the order Aciinomycetales to Eubac- 

 teriales and the famih^ Corynebaderiaceae is made to include Lactobacillus, 

 Erysipelothrix and Fusobadcrium. .Among the Spirochadales, the genus 

 name Spirochaeta is displaced by a new generic term, Ehrenbergia, and is 

 itself used to displace Borrelia. 



A seventh order RicJcdtsiales is proposed to include two families: Rickeit- 

 siaceae with one genus Rickettsia da Rocha Luna (Berl. klin. Wchnschr., 

 1916, 567); and Bartonellaceae with the genera, Bartonella Strong, Tyzzer, 

 Bnies, Sellards and Gastiabuni (Jour. Amer. I\Ied. Assoc, 61, 1913, 

 1713), and Grahamella Brumpt (Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., 4, 1911, 514). 



