SURVEY OF CLASSIFICATIONS OF BACTERIA 9 



While Nitromonas is not new, it is redefined as a synonym of Nitrohader 

 Winogradsky (Arch. Sci. Biol. St. Petersburg, 1, 1892, 87), rather than as a 

 synonym of Nitromonas Winogradsky (Ann. Inst. Past., 3, 1890, 258). 

 Spirophyllum is from Ellis (Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 19, 1907, 507). 



In a later monograph on The Lactic Acid Bacteria (Mem. d. Acad. Roy. 

 Sci. et Lettres de Danemark, Sect. Sci., 8 Ser., 5, 1919, No. 2) Orla-Jensen 

 proposes the following additional generic terms: Betacocciis,Betahacteriuni, 

 Streptobacterium, Thermohacteriiim and Microhacterium. The term Tctra- 

 coccus is introduced with a meaning different from that given the term 

 previously by v. Klecki (Cent. f. Bakt., 15, 1894, 354). 



Buchanan prepared an outline classification in 1916 (Jour. Bact., 1, 

 1916, 591 ; 2, 1917, 155, 347, 603; 3, 1918, 27, 175, 301, 403, 461, 591) which 

 was utilized in part by the group of which he was a member (Winslow, 

 Broadhurst, Buchanan, Krumwiede and Smith) in their preliminary Report 

 to the Society of American Bacteriologists (Jour. Bact., £, 1917, 552) and 

 in the final report by Winslow, Broadhurst, Buchanan, Krumwiede, Rogers 

 and Smith (Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 191). 



Although prepared earlier, some parts of the Buchanan outline were not 

 published until after the first Winslow et al. report. As these reports 

 formed the most important basis for the classification used in the first edi- 

 tion of the Manual, it is natural that the generic terms utilized are, in 

 general, the same as those used in the Manual. 



Generic and subgeneric terms included by Buchanan that are not used 

 in the present edition of the Manual are: Paraspirillum Dobell (Arch. f. 

 Protistenk., 21^, 1911, 97), Eubacillus Hansgirg (Osterr. Bot. Ztschr., 38, 

 1888, 264; not Eubacillus Dangeard, Le Botaniste, 2, 1891, 151) and Meta- 

 bacterium Chatton and Perard (Comp. rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, 65, 1913, 

 1232). Siderocapsa Molisch (Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Ser. 2, Supp. 

 3, 1909, 29) used by Buchanan but dropped by Winslow et al (Jour. Bact., 

 2, 1917, 549) does not appear in the Manual classification outline until the 

 present (6th) edition. The term Mycoderma recognized both })y Buchanan 

 (Jour. Bact., 3, 1918, 45) and in the preliminary Winslow et al. report 

 (Jour. Bact., 2, 1917, 551) was replaced by the later and more valid term 

 Acetobacter in the final report by WinsloAv et al. (Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 201). 

 Pfeifferella Buchanan (Jour. Bact., 3, 1918, 54) which is used in the three 

 outline classifications under discussion and also in the first, second and third 

 editions of the ^Ianual, appeared in the literature through a clerical error 

 (Buchanan, General Systematic Bacteriology, 1925, 420) . It was combined 

 in the fourth edition of the Manual with the genus Actinobacillns under the 

 latter name. Nocardia Trevisan (1889) used by Buchanan and in the 

 preliminary report by Winslow et al. (1917) was merged with Actinomyces 



