b MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



in North Africa, has had a varied history because this type species (mono- 

 typy) is no longer identifiable. It was reintroduced into the classification 

 employed in the fifth edition of the Manual to cover species of non-spore- 

 forming rods whose positions in the outline given in the Manual have not 

 yet been satisfactorily determined (Breed and Conn, Jour. Bact., 31, 1936, 

 517) and is used in the present edition with the same meaning. The term 

 Spirodiscus was applied by Ehrenberg to a single organism that he found in 

 a mountain stream. It has never been reidentified and subsequent authors 

 have discarded this term. 



Two new generic terms {Metallacter, Sporonema) were introduced by 

 Perty (Zur Kenntniss kleinster Lebensformen, 1852). Neither Metallacter 

 nor Sporonema is in common use at the present time. 



Davaine (Dictionaire encyclop. des sciences med., Art. bacteries, 1868) 

 introduced one new generic term, Bacteridium, for straight motionless rods 

 like the anthrax bacillus. 



The generic terms employed by Cohn in his first classification (Unter- 

 suchungen iiber Bakterien. I. Beitrage z. Biol. d. Pflanzen, 1, Heft 2, 

 1872, 146) are all in current use. Only one {Bacillus) was new. Other 

 generic terms were introduced into his second paper (Untersuchungen tiber 

 Bakterien. II. ibid., 1, Heft 3, 1875, 141) which contained his more 

 complete classification. For various reasons, six of these, Merismopedia, 

 Clathrocystis, Ascococcus, Myconostoc, Cladothrix and Streptothrix are not 

 found in recent bacteriological classifications. 



Mangin (Les Bacteries, Paris, 1878) recognized three subgenera of the 

 genus Monas, the first of which Rhabdomonas Cohn, 1875 is still used as a 

 generic term, while the other two, Ophidomonas Ehrenberg, 1838 and Spiro- 

 monas Perty, 1852 have been dropped. 



The bacterial species that had been placed in the genus Clathrocystis by 

 Cohn (1875) were separated and placed in a new genus Cohnia by Winter 

 (Die Pilze in Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen Flora, 1880), and this name is also 

 used by Burrill (The Bacteria, Springfield, 111., 1882). Because this name 

 had previously been proposed for a genus of lilies, it was soon dropped. 



Zopf (Die Spaltpilze, Leipzig, 1883) accepts Phragmidioihrix, a generic 

 name suggested by Engler in 1882 for a single species found on the body of 

 a crustacean {Gammarus locusta). Later authors generally either merge 

 this genus with Crenothrix Cohn or disregard it because of the indefinite 

 description of the one species included in it. 



Baumgarten (Lehrbuch der pathologischen Mykologie, Braunschweig, 

 1890) following Hueppe accepts the term, Spirulina, for a genus of pleo- 

 morphic bacteria, disregarding the previous use of the term by algologists. 



The generic terms found in Migula's first outline (Bakterienkunde fiir 



